Russia, Volhynia Folder, Up the Rivers, in Southwestern Russia.kmz

Russia, Volhynia Folder, Up the Rivers, in Southwestern Russia

Russia, Volhynia Region (western trade route, up rivers, Horyn, Styr, Prypiat, Southern Bug and Western Bug Rivers)
Volhynia (Rivers Horyn, Styr, Prypiat, and Western Bug) ; Commemoration of the Miraculous Appearance of the Mother of God at Pochaev, which saved the Monastery from the assault of the Tatars and Turks, Commemorated on July 23; Icon of the Mother of God of Pochaev, Commemorated on July 23; St Theodosius (Prince Theodore of Ostrog) of the Kiev Caves, Commemorated on August 11; Martyr Basil of the Kiev Near Caves, Commemorated on August 11; Icon of the Mother of God of St Peter of Moscow, Commemorated on August 24; Uncovering of the relics of the Venerable Job, Abbot and Wonderworker of Pochaev, Commemorated August 28 ; Martyr Macarius the Archimandrite of Kanev and Pereyaslavl, Commemorated on September 7 ; Icon of the Mother of God of Pochaev, Commemorated September 8 ; St Yaropolk the Prince of Vladimir-Volhynia, Commemorated October 10 ; Synaxis of the Saints of Volhynia, Commemorated on October 10 ; Glorification of the Priestmartyr Alexander Hotovitzky, Commemorated on December 4 ; The Conception by Righteous Anna of the Most Holy Mother of God, Commemorated on December 9 ; Repose of St Peter the Metropolitan of Moscow and Wonderworker of All Russia, Commemorated on December 21 ; St Alexis the Metropolitan of Moscow and Wonderworker of All Russia, Commemorated February 12; Venerable Stephen the Abbot of the Kiev Far Caves, and Bishop of Vladimir, in Volhynia, Commemorated on April 27; New Martyr Archpriest Vasily Martysz, Commemorated on May 4; Venerable Alphan with his brother of Novgorod, founder of the Sokolnitzky Monastery, Commemorated on May 4; Burial of St Andrew the Prince, Commemorated on July 4; Uncovering of the relics of Holy Princess Juliana Olshanskaya, Commemorated on July 6; Uncovering of the relics of Holy Princess Juliana Olshanskaya, Commemorated on July 6;

Russia, Volhynia History Folder

Russia, Volhynia, 980-1015, Volhynia Ruler, Vladimir the Great of Kiev, established Volhynia and Vladimir
Kiev Rus King, 980-1015, Vladimir the Great ; Venerable Anthony of the Kiev Far Caves, Founder of Monasticism in Russia, Commemorated on July 10 ; Equal of the Apostles Great Prince Vladimir, in Holy Baptism Basil, the Enlightener of the Russian Land, Commemorated on July 15; St Theodosius (Prince Theodore of Ostrog) of the Kiev Caves, Commemorated on August 11; Icon of the Mother of God of Minsk, Commemorated on August 13; Venerable Anthony of the Kiev Far Caves, Commemorated on September 2; Passion-Bearer Gleb, in Holy Baptism David, Commemorated September 5 ; St Procopius, Commemorated on September 16; St Michael the first Metropolitan of Kiev, Commemorated September 30 ; Right-believing Prince Vladimir Yaroslavich the Prince of Novgorod, Commemorated on October 4 ; Venerable Damian the Healer and Clairvoyant of the Kiev Near Caves, Commemorated on October 5; Icon of the Mother of God of Korsun, Commemorated on October 9; Icon of the Mother of God œJerusalem, Commemorated on October 12; Hieromartyr Clement the Pope of Rome, Commemorated on November 25; Venerable Elias of Murom the Wonderworker of the Kiev Near Caves, Commemorated on December 19; Venerable Ephraim, Abbot and Wonderworker of Novy Torg, Commemorated on January 28 ; St Joachim, First Bishop of Novgorod, Commemorated on February 10; Hieromartyr Basil of Cherson, Commemorated on March 7; Venerable Nikon the Abbot of the Kiev Far Caves, Commemorated on March 23; Venerable Constantine, (In baptism Yaroslav), with his children Michael and Theodore, Wonderworkers of Murom, Commemorated on May 21; St Michael the first Metropolitan of Kiev, Commemorated on June 15; St Menas, Bishop of Polotsk, Commemorated on June 20;

Russia, Volhynia, 988, Baptism of Rus, August 1st, 988, Vladimir the Great of Kiev
Baptism of Rus, Kiev, August 1st, 988; Equal of the Apostles Great Prince Vladimir, in Holy Baptism Basil, the Enlightener of the Russian Land, Commemorated on July 15; Procession of the Honorable Wood of the Life-Giving Cross of the Lord (First of the three œFeasts of the Savior in August), Commemorated on August 1; Venerable Anthony of the Kiev Far Caves, Commemorated on September 2; Venerable Damian the Healer and Clairvoyant of the Kiev Near Caves, Commemorated on October 5; St Amphilochius the Bishop of Vladimir, in Volhynia, Commemorated on October 10; Venerable Nestor the Chronicler of the Kiev Caves, Commemorated on October 27; Venerable Elias of Murom the Wonderworker of the Kiev Near Caves, Commemorated on December 19; St Joachim, First Bishop of Novgorod, Commemorated on February 10; Venerable Nikon the Abbot of the Kiev Far Caves, Commemorated on March 23;

Russia, Volhynia, 1019-1054, Rus King, Yaroslav the Wise, trade, Poland to Cherginov, allied w Sweden
Russia, Volhynia, 1019-1054, Rus King, Yaroslav the Wise; Russia, Volhynia, 1054-1078, Rus King, Iziaslav I of Kiev;

Russia, Volhynia, 1040-1054, Prince of Lutsk, Sviatoslav II of Kiev, St Nicholas, Yaroslavich, Y's son
Kiev Rus King, 1040-1077, Sviatoslav II of Kiev, St Nicholas Sviatoslav ; Venerable Nicholas Sviatosha Prince of Chernigov, and Wonderworker of the Kiev Near Caves, Commemorated on October 14; Blessed Yaropolk the Prince of Vladimir-Volhynia, in Holy Baptism Peter, Commemorated on November 22; Venerable Arcadius of Novy Torg, Commemorated on December 13; Venerable Gregory the Wonderworker of the Kiev Near Caves, Commemorated on January 8; Princess Anna of Novgorod, Commemorated on February 10 ; Venerable Isaac the Recluse of the Kiev Near Caves, Commemorated on February 14; Venerable Nikon the Abbot of the Kiev Far Caves, Commemorated on March 23; Venerable Stephen the Abbot of the Kiev Far Caves, and Bishop of Vladimir, in Volhynia, Commemorated on April 27; Translation of the relics of the Holy Passionbearer Boris, in Holy Baptism Roman, Commemorated on May 2;

Russia, Volhynia, 1054-1078, Rus King, Iziaslav I of Kiev, Y's oldest son, law code, K Caves
Russia, Volhynia, 1054-1078, Rus King, Iziaslav I of Kiev;

Russia, Volhynia, 1078-1087, Rus King, Yaropolk Izyaslavich, I's son
Kiev Rus King, 1078-1087, Yaropolk Izyaslavich; Izyaslavich[2] (died 1087) was a Knyaz (prince) during the eleventh-century in the Kievan Rus' kingdom and was the King of Rus (1076–1078). The son of Grand Prince Izyaslav Yaroslavich by a Polish princess named Gertruda, he is visible in papal sources by the early 1070s but largely absent in contemporary Rus sources until his father's death in 1078. his father's exile in the 1070s, Yaropolk can be found acting on his father's behalf in an attempt to gain the favor of the German emperors and the papal court of Pope Gregory VII. His father returned to Kiev in 1077 and Yaropolk followed. his father's death Yaropolk was appointed Prince of Volhynia and Prince of Turov in 1078 by the new Grand Prince, his uncle Vsevolod. 1085 Yaropolk had fallen into a state of enmity with the Grand Prince, and by extension the Grand Prince's son Vladimir Monomakh, forcing him to flee to Poland, his mother's homeland. He returned in 1086 and made peace with Monomakh but was murdered the same year on a journey to Zvenyhorod.[3] was remembered in Rus sources as extremely pious and generous to the church and is recognized as a saint in the Eastern Orthodox Church. Blessed Yaropolk the Prince of Vladimir-Volhynia, in Holy Baptism Peter, Commemorated on November 22; Venerable Gregory the Wonderworker of the Kiev Near Caves, Commemorated on January 8; St Ephraim the Bishop of Pereyaslavl, Kiev Caves, Far Caves, Commemorated on January 28; Venerable Isaac the Recluse of the Kiev Near Caves, Commemorated on February 14; Venerable Nikon the Abbot of the Kiev Far Caves, Commemorated on March 23; Venerable Stephen the Abbot of the Kiev Far Caves, and Bishop of Vladimir, in Volhynia, Commemorated on April 27;

Russia, Volhynia, 1087-“1099, Volhynia Ruler, David Igorevich, Grandson of Y the Wise, Prince of Tmutarakan
Volhynia Ruler, 1087-“1099, David Igorevich ; Davyd Igorevich of Volhynia (c1075-1112); Igorevich of Volhynia, Prince of Volhynia, Prince of Dorogobuzh, Volhynia, Prince of Busk, was born 1055 to Igor Yaroslavich of Volhynia (1036-1060) and Kunigunde of Orlamünde and died 25 March 1112 in Dorohobuzh, Hoshcha Rayon, Rivne Oblast, Ukraine of unspecified causes. Ancestors are from Russia, Ukraine, Sweden. Contents[show] Igorevich (c.1055-May 25, 1112) - Prince of Volhynia, son of Igor Yaroslavich, grandson of the Grand Prince of Kiev Yaroslav the Wise. The Prince of Tmutarakan (1081-1082). Active participant in princely feuds . years Igorevich was born about 1055. Due to his early death, his father was in the position of an outcast and lived in Volhynia at Yaropolk Izyaslavich's court. In 1081, along with another outcast, Volodar Rostislavich, he fled to Tmutarakan. He drove out the posadnik of Vsevolod I Yaroslavich of Kiev but two years later he was expelled by Oleg Svyatoslavich. Gathering his warriors at the mouth of the Dnieper, Davyd blocked the trade route to Byzantium, and, in order to free it, the Grand Prince of Kiev Vsevolod Yaroslavich gave him, in exchange, the town of Dorogobuzh in Volhynia(1084). In 1086, after the death of Yaropolk Izyaslavich. Davyd received the Principality of Volhynia. In collusion with Svyatopolk Izyaslavich Kiev tried to take the inheritance of Galicia from Volodar and Vasilko Rostislavich. In 1097 he participated in the Council of Lyubech (1097), which approved his rule of the Principality of Volhynia. for the western volosts at Uvetichi princes conclude peace in Uvetichi. Painting by Sergei Vasilyevich Ivanov also: The internecine war in Russia (1097-1100) Davyd Igorevich was the organizer of the blinding in 1097 of Vasilko Rostislavich. Threatened by Volodar Rostislavich he was forced to surrender his advisors to the Rostislaviches to be executed. Further threatened by the princes, Davyd fled to Poland. He soon returned to Vladimir, but when the army of the Grand Prince of Kiev Svyatopolk Izyaslavich besieged the city, Davyd Igorevich was forced to surrender it. to fight for the seat of Volhynia. In 1099, Davyd Igorevich decided to help the Polovtsian Khan Bonyak and with his support, having beaten opponents in the Battle of the Wiar River (1099), received Vladimir and Lutsk. At the Council of Uvetichi (1100), for the blinding of Vasilko, he was deorived of this possession and, instead of Volhynia received the towns of Busk, Ostroh, Dubno and Staryi Chortoryisk, and soon thereafter Dorogobuzh. He made Busk his capital [1], and also founded the town of David-Gorodok. Death died on May 25, 1112 in Dorohobuzh. The remains found in a princely tomb, found in 1937 - 1938 during excavations in the town David-Gorodok founded by him, could belong to Davyd Igorevich. Martyr Basil of the Kiev Near Caves, Commemorated on August 11;

Russia, Volhynia, 1099, Ruler, Mstislav Sviatopolkovich, no info on M, but Ruler was brother Yaroslav, lost to GH
Volhynia Ruler, 1099, Mstislav I Sviatopolkovich ; Yaroslav Svyatopolkovich of Volhynia (1111-1123); Svyatopolkovich of Volhynia, Prince of Volhynia, was born circa 1091 to Svyatopolk II Izyaslavich of Kiev (1050-1113) and Daughter of Bohemia (c1060-c1093) and died May 1123 in Vladimir-Volynsky, Volodymyr-Volynskyi Rayon, Volyn Oblast, Ukraine of battle wounds. He married Daughter of Hungary (c1083-c1130) circa 1091 JL . He married Sophia of Poland (c1089-c1112) before 1108 JL . He married Rogneda Mstislavna of Kiev (c1112-c1159) 1112 JL . ancestors include Charlemagne (747-814). Ancestors are from Russia, Ukraine, Germany, France, Belgium, the Byzantine Empire, Sweden. Svyatopolkovich (Yaroslavets) (baptized Ioann) [1], (c1072-May 1123) - Prince of Volhynia (1100-1118). The son of Prince Svyatopolk Izyaslavich of Kiev. researchers believe that he was born from a concubine like his brother Mstislav, others that his mother was the legitimate wife of Svyatopolk Izyaslavich [2].. the decision of the Council of Uvetichi to deprive Davyd Igorevich of Principality of Volhynia for the blinding of Vasilko Rostislavich Terebovly in 1100, he became the viceroy of his father, the Grand Prince of Kiev, in Volhynia. In 1102, Svyatopolk reached an agreement with Vladimir Monomakh, then Prince of Pereyaslavl, about Yaroslav's transfer to Novgorod, and Vladimir's eldest son Mstislav to Volnynia, but the Novgorodians sent the grand prince of Kiev a reply: " If your son has two heads, send him to us ." the Svyatopolk's death and the reign of Vladimir Monomakh (1113) in Kiev, Yaroslav 4 years continued to rule Volhynia, but in 1117 Vladimir Monomakh transferred Mstislav Vladimirovich, who had already become a father-in-law of Yaroslav, from Novgorod to Belgorod-Kievsky, in which historians see the likely cause of the conflict between Yaroslav and Monomakh, as Yaroslav feared for his hereditary rights to Kiev. Yaroslav sent his wife (daughter of Mstislav, granddaughter of Vladimir Monomakh) to Belgorod and began to prepare for the struggle. In 1118, Vladimir Monomakh, in alliance with Rostislavich, expelled Yaroslav from Vladimir-Volynsky, the Volhynian prince became Roman Vladimirovich , and after his death (1119 Andrei V. Good. Yaroslav tried to regain possession with the help of Hungarian and Polish troops, as well as the Rostislavichs who had crossed over to his side, but without success. In 1123 he died under the walls of Vladimir-Volynsky from the wounds inflicted on him by two Polish soldiers during the siege. Martyr Basil of the Kiev Near Caves, Commemorated on August 11;

Russia, Volhynia, 1106-1142, Nicholas Sviatosha, first Rus Prince monk, Lutsk Vohlynia, Cherginov, wonderworker, silence
Russia, Volhynia, 1106-1142, Nicholas Sviatosha, first Rus Prince monk, Lutsk Vohlynia, Cherginov, wonderworker, silence, peacemaker; Nicholas Sviatosha, Prince of Chernigov, and Wonderworker of the Kiev Caves, Near Caves, was a great-grandson of Great Prince Yaroslav the Wise and son of Prince David Svyatoslavich of Chernigov (+ 1123). was the Prince of Lutsk, and he had a wife and children (his daughter was later married to the Novgorod prince Saint Vsevolod-Gabriel (February 11). February 17, 1106 the holy prince left his family and was tonsured at the Kiev Caves monastery. Nicholas Sviatosha carried out his obediences with great humility. For three years he worked in the kitchen, for which he chopped wood and carried water. For the next three years, he was gatekeeper at the monastery. The saint had a garden around his cell. Out of his own means he built at the monastery the temple of the Holy Trinity and the infirmary church in the name of Saint Nicholas, his patron saint. Nicholas was the first of the Russian princes to accept monasticism, patiently enduring the reproaches of his brothers for his decision to lead a life of humble obedience. saint’s doctor, Peter, pointed out to the royal ascetic that such exploits of obedience had injured his health. But suddenly the doctor himself fell sick, and was healed only by the prayer of Saint Nicholas. Then Peter himself was tonsured. he had progressed through various obediences, Saint Nicholas took upon himself the vow of silence. When the saint received money, he used it to beautify the church and to procure books (because he loved reading), or he distributed it to the poor. Nicholas was a zealous peacemaker; in 1142 he reconciled the Prince of Chernigov with the Great Prince Vsevolod. after the death of the saint, his brother Prince Izyaslav fell grievously ill. The igumen of the monastery sent the sick man the saint’s hairshirt. Izyaslav put it on and was healed. Lutsk; Russia, Kiev, 1097-1123, Davyd Sviatoslavich, ruler of Murom and Chernigov, father of Nicholas Sviatosha the first prince monk; Sviatoslavich was the ruler of Murom and Chernigov. date of his birth is uncertain. Before his father's death was appointed to the Pereyaslav Principality, however in 1076 he ran to Murom which was located as far away as possible from Kiev. In 1093 Davyd was appointed a prince of Smolensk. During the war of his brother Oleg I of Chernigov against Sviatopolk II of Kiev and Vladimir II Monomakh he went up against the Vladimir's son Izyaslav of Murom. Oleg and Davyd in the united coalition of Sviatoslavichi managed to recover Smolensk and defeated Izyaslav at Murom where the last one perished. the Council of Liubech in 1097 Davyd was appointed to Chernigov, while Oleg was given Novhorod-Siverskyi. Protested against the rule of Sviatopolk who after the council together with Davyd Igorevich took Vasylko Rostyslavich a hostage and blinded him. The last two were in the constant warfare in the western areas of the Grand Duchy. Under pressure from Monomakh and Sviatoslavichi Sviatopolk outcast Davyd Igorevich to Poland. Later supported Sviatopolk in the war against Rostislavichi (one of whom was Vasylko). Davyd sent along his son Sviatoslav, but after an unsuccessful campaign the last one came back to his father and upon the death of his wife became a monk. At the Council of Witchew between the Sviatoslavichi, Monomakh, and Sviatopolk agreed to peace, stop the civil war, and consolidated their forces against the foreign enemies. At the council it was decided to cast Davyd Igorevich away from government duties, yet leaving him with some estates in Volyn. sometimes together with his brother, but more often with Vladimir Monomakh raided the Cuman lands from 1103 to 1111. Among numerous battles the most important one were at the Suteni river and Salnitsa river (March 27, 1111). During that campaign they managed to occupy the Cuman cities of Sharukan which is believed to be located somewhere between Chuhuiv and Zmiiv, and Sugrov. Davyd also greatly assisted Monomakh in the war against Polatsk Prince and Prince of Volyn in 1115–1118, while their sons continued to raid the Cumania. Chernigov; Venerable Nicholas Sviatosha Prince of Chernigov, and Wonderworker of the Kiev Near Caves, Commemorated on October 14; Nicholas Sviatosha, Prince of Chernigov, and Wonderworker of the Kiev Caves, Near Caves, was a great-grandson of Great Prince Yaroslav the Wise and son of Prince David Svyatoslavich of Chernigov (+ 1123). was the Prince of Lutsk, and he had a wife and children (his daughter was later married to the Novgorod prince Saint Vsevolod-Gabriel (February 11). February 17, 1106 the holy prince left his family and was tonsured at the Kiev Caves monastery. Nicholas Sviatosha carried out his obediences with great humility. For three years he worked in the kitchen, for which he chopped wood and carried water. For the next three years, he was gatekeeper at the monastery. The saint had a garden around his cell. Out of his own means he built at the monastery the temple of the Holy Trinity and the infirmary church in the name of Saint Nicholas, his patron saint. Nicholas was the first of the Russian princes to accept monasticism, patiently enduring the reproaches of his brothers for his decision to lead a life of humble obedience. The saint’s doctor, Peter, pointed out to the royal ascetic that such exploits of obedience had injured his health. But suddenly the doctor himself fell sick, and was healed only by the prayer of Saint Nicholas. Then Peter himself was tonsured. he had progressed through various obediences, Saint Nicholas took upon himself the vow of silence. When the saint received money, he used it to beautify the church and to procure books (because he loved reading), or he distributed it to the poor. Saint Nicholas was a zealous peacemaker; in 1142 he reconciled the Prince of Chernigov with the Great Prince Vsevolod. after the death of the saint, his brother Prince Izyaslav fell grievously ill. The igumen of the monastery sent the sick man the saint’s hairshirt. Izyaslav put it on and was healed.

Russia, Volhynia, 1150-1182, Saint Cyril of Turov, Belarus and Kiev
Russia, Kiev, 1150-1182, Saint Cyril of Turov; St. Cyril the Bishop of Turov, Commemorated on April 28;

Russia, Volhynia, 1070-1087, Yaropolk Izyaslavich, Vladimir, Volhynia, extremely pious and generous to the church, gs Y t wise, ggs Vlad t g
Russia, Volhynia, 1070-1087, Yaropolk Izyaslavich, Vladimir, Volhynia, attempted favor HRE Emperors and Pope, extremely pious and generous to the church, gs Y t wise, ggs Vlad t g; Izyaslavich[2] (died 1087) was a Knyaz (prince) during the eleventh-century in the Kievan Rus' kingdom and was the King of Rus (1076–1078). son of Grand Prince Izyaslav Yaroslavich by a Polish princess named Gertruda, he is visible in papal sources by the early 1070s but largely absent in contemporary Rus sources until his father's death in 1078. During his father's exile in the 1070s, Yaropolk can be found acting on his father's behalf in an attempt to gain the favor of the German emperors and the papal court of Pope Gregory VII. His father returned to Kiev in 1077 and Yaropolk followed. his father's death Yaropolk was appointed Prince of Volhynia and Prince of Turov in 1078 by the new Grand Prince, his uncle Vsevolod. 1085 Yaropolk had fallen into a state of enmity with the Grand Prince, and by extension the Grand Prince's son Vladimir Monomakh, forcing him to flee to Poland, his mother's homeland. returned in 1086 and made peace with Monomakh but was murdered the same year on a journey to Zvenyhorod.[3] He was remembered in Rus sources as extremely pious and generous to the church and is recognized as a saint in the Eastern Orthodox Church. background[edit] was the son of Izyaslav Yaroslavich (died 1078), over-king of the Rus', and Gertruda, daughter of the Polish Duke-King Mieszko II Lambert (died 1034).[4] the Kievan succession war of 1015–1019, the Polish ruler Boleslaw had taken an interest in Ruthenia (Kievan Rus), hoping to gain control of the land of Red Ruthenia (Czerwien Grody), seized by Vladimir the Great.[5] some initial success, the expedition of Boleslaw to Kiev in 1018 failed to establish Svyatopolk Vladimirovich (Boleslaw's son-in-law), Prince of Turov, on the Kievan throne.[5] Polish ruler did at least gain the Red Ruthenia (Czerwien Grody) very briefly, though that was recovered for the Ruthenians by Grand Prince Yaroslav and Mstislav Vladimirovich, Prince of Chernigov, in 1031.[5] Illumination in the Gertrude Psalter depicting Yaropolk and his wife before the Apostle Peter, with Yaropolk's mother Gertruda at the Apostle's feet.[6] 1042 Grand Prince Yaroslav forced Duke Casimir of Poland to settle for a peaceful deal. Casimir recognised Ruthenian control of Red Ruthenia and returned 800 Ruthenian prisoners who had been in Polish custody since being captured two decades before by Boleslaw.[5] was secured by two marriages. Casimir was married to Yaroslav's sister, while Casimir gave his own sister Gertruda to Yaroslav's son, Izyaslav.[5] turmoil[edit] 1054, Yaropolk became the son of the Grand Prince, as in that year Izyaslav ascended the throne of Kiev.[7] rule and thus Yaropolk's security were however quickly challenged by Izyaslav's brother Svyatoslav and by his cousin Vseslav Briacheslavich. this time among the Rurikids, there were two senior branches that could claim the Grand Princeship through descent from Vladimir the Great; namely, the descendants of Yaroslav Vladimirovich and the descendants of Izyaslav Vladimirovich.[7] 1067, Vseslav rebelled in an attempt to overthrow Izyaslav and become Grand Prince himself, claiming the right as a great-grandson of Vladimir the Great through Izyaslav Vladimirovich. attempt was unsuccessful, and ended in his imprisonment. Troubles for Izyaslav were to continue though. 1068, Izyaslav's alleged negligence to the advances and incursions of the Cuman people (Polovtsy) after the defeat at the Battle of the Alta River led the citizens of Kiev to revolt; was released, and took the Kievan throne while Izyaslav fled to Boleslaw in Poland.[8] Polish assistance Izyaslav returned in May 1069, expelled Vseslav and retook the throne. This victory for Izyaslav secured the Kievan throne for the descendants of Yaroslav Vladimirovich, thereafter the descendants of Izyaslav Vladimirovich confined themselves to Polotsk where they reigned with semi-independent status.[7] and exile to the west[edit] Christ crowning Yaropolk and his mother Gertruda, eleventh-century miniature from the Gertrude Psalter. the successful exclusion of the Polotsk Rurikids, in 1073 Izyaslav was expelled from the Kievan throne by his brothers, Svyatoslav, Prince of Chernigov, and Vsevolod, Prince of Pereyaslavl.[5] Boleslaw was not as willing or able to assist Izyaslav this time around, and probably for this reason Izyaslav traveled further West; at Mainz in early 1075, Izyaslav sought the aid of King Henry IV of Germany, but to no avail.[9] sent Yaropolk to Rome to request aid from Pope Gregory VII.[9] is likely that while there Yaropolk made complaints about Boleslaw and about the money the latter had formerly seized from Izyaslav, as the pope subsequently issued a request that Boleslaw return it.[9] Gregory addressed a letter to Izyaslav, called "Demetrius", "King of the Russians", and to his "queen" Gertruda.[10] The letter noted that Yaropolk, called "Peter", had given his own as well as his father's fidelity to the pope, and that it had been requested that the "kingdom of the Ruthenians" be held of St Peter.[11] Two papal legates were sent to Izyaslav, and Izyaslav was urged to give them his full co-operation.[11] was only after Svyatoslav's death in late 1076 that Izyaslav was able to recover the status of Grand Prince. Vsevolod, who had previously fought against him, was appointed Prince of Chernigov and thus heir to the Kievan throne, explaining perhaps Vsevolod's lack of opposition.[7] Poles were persuaded by the papacy to give Izyaslav assistance recovering his kingdom, and on July 15, 1077, Izyaslav re-entered Kiev.[11] Yaropolk[edit] is found aiding his father and his uncle Vsevolod in 1078, when Oleg Svyatoslavich (and his brother Boris) attempted to gain the throne of Chernigov from Vsevolod. had been allied to the Polovtsy, and with their help defeated Vsevolod in battle. Grand Prince Izyaslav and Yaropolk, as well as Vsevolod's son Vladimir Monomakh, were able to reverse this result, and Oleg was forced to retreat to Tmutorokan. Grand Prince Izyaslav, Yaropolk's father, died as a result of the battle.[7] Primary Chronicle records that in 1078 before the death of Izyaslav, Yaropolk was "ruling in Vyshhorod", a city north of Kiev, while his brother Svyatopolk ruled as Prince of Novgorod, and Vladimir Monomakh ruled as Prince of Smolensk.[12] his uncle Vsevolod had become Grand Prince, Yaropolk was given Vladimir-in-Volhynia and Turov, while Monomakh received Chernigov.[13] is known for the following eight years, but by 1085 Vsevolod and Yaropolk are reported to have become entrenched against each other. The laconic account of these developments in the Primary Chronicle makes the course of events far from transparent. and Vladimir Rostislavich, two Galicia-based princes unhappy with territorial settlement under Vsevolod, were said to have attempted to expel Yaropolk in 1084, Grand Prince Vsevolod's son Vladimir Monomakh drove these Rostislavchi away.[14] this, a gift made by the Grand Prince to Davyd Igorevich, which included land in Volhynia and control of trade with the Byzantine Empire, is said to have made Yaropolk hostile to the Grand Prince. 1085 Vsevolod and Yaropolk are reported to have become entrenched against each other, and Vsevolod ordered his son, Vladimir Monomakh to march against Yaropolk.[15] Lacking confidence in his own resources, Yaropolk fled Volhynia to Poland, leaving his followers (and mother) at Lutsk.[16] Vladimir captured Lutsk and Yaropolk's family, attendants and treasure, and assigned his whole principality to Davyd Igorevich.[17] and legacy[edit] Miniature from the Radzivil Chronicle allegedly depicting the death of Yaropolk.[18] the following year Yaropolk returned and reportedly came to an agreement with Vladimir Monomakh, but nothing specific is known of the terms other than Yaropolk being reinstated. In 1087, Yaropolk was murdered. The circumstances of his murder are not clear, but the Primary Chronicle suggested the complicity of Riurik Rostislavich, Prince of Peremyshl, and his brother Vasilko Rostislavich, Prince of Terebovl.[19] His murderer was a man called Neradets, who put a sword through Yaropolk before fleeing to hide with Riurik in Peremyshl; the date given is November 22, 1087.[20] His body was taken to Kiev and buried in the church of St Peter, the church which Yaropolk himself had endowed.[20] is said to have married to the German noble-woman, Kunigunde, daughter of Otto, Margrave of Meissen.[21] Whether by Kunigunde or not, Yaropolk had several children whose names have come into the record. A daughter Anastasia married her far relative Gleb Vseslavich, Prince of Minsk who was a member of the Polotsk branch of the Riurik's family. The Annalista Saxo records another daughter, and that she married Günther, Count of Schwarzburg, though it does not mention her name.[4] Three sons are known, namely, Yaroslav (died 1102), Viacheslav (died 1104) and Vasilko.[4] The fate of his descendants is as mysterious as his and only has some scarce records left. in the Primary Chronicle is a eulogy to Prince Yaropolk, and among the honors assigned to him, is that he was in the habit of assigning a "tenth part of his wealth to the Mother of God".[22] Probably due to his personal devotion to the papacy and to St Peter, Yaropolk established a new church of St Peter at the monastery of St Demetrios in the city of Kiev.[23] He was said to have left all his wealth to the Monastery of the Caves in Kiev.[24] The Primary Chronicle's eulogy is the first indication of saintly regard, and indeed today he is venerated as a saint in the Eastern Orthodox Church, with his feast day falling on the reported day of his death, November 22.[25] Vladimir in Volhynia, Vladimir-Volynsk; Blessed Yaropolk the Prince of Vladimir-Volhynia, in Holy Baptism Peter, Commemorated on November 22 ; Prince Yaropolk Izyaslavich, in Holy Baptism Peter, was the grandson of Yaroslav the Wise, and great-grandson of Saint Vladimir. He shared the sad fate of his father, the Kievan Great Prince Izyaslav, expelled by his brothers from Kiev. journeyed on various missions for his father to the Polish king, the German emperor, and the Bishop of Rome Saint Gregory VII (1073-1085). the death of Great Prince Svyatoslav in 1078, Prince Izyaslav was restored to his principality, and Yaropolk received Vyzhgorod. the death of his father, he was given as his appanage the city of Vladimir-Volynsk, from which the Rostislavichi attempted to displace him. the way from Vladimir to Zvenigorod-Galitsk, Yaropolk was treacherously murdered by Neryadets, one of his retainers (+1086). murderer indeed had been bribed by the Rostislavichi. body of Yaropolk was transferred to Kiev and on December 5 was buried at the monastery of Saint Demetrius in the church of Saint Peter, which he himself had begun to build. Church memorials, beginning with the Chronicle of Saint Nestor, testify that the murdered Prince Yaropolk be venerated in the rank of saints well-pleasing to God.

Russia, Volhynia, 1180-1699, Kupyatich Icon, Kobrin, Volhynia, found on a tree, shone w unusual light, found again after fire
Russia, Volhynia, 1180, Kupyatich Icon, Kobrin, Volhynia, found on a tree, shone w unusual light, found again after church burned, 1600 K Monastery, 1699 Roman Catholics, Uniate monks, 1699 to Sophia C Kiev; Kupyatich monastery, Kobrin, Belarus, Leposovsky monastery today; Icon of the Mother of God of Kupyatich, Commemorated on November 15; Kupyatich Icon of the Mother of God appeared in the year 1180 near the village of Kupyatich in the area of the former Pinsk district of the Minsk governance. icon was found in the forest on a tree by the peasant girl Anna, a cattle herder. The image, in the form of a cross, shone with an unusual light. the spot of the miraculous appearance of the icon, peasants built a church in the name of the Most Holy Theotokos, and placed the icon within it. After some years, Tatars burned the church. The icon was found a second time after many years by a traveler named Joachim. Peasants transferred the cruciform-icon to the village church. Joachim remained at the church as church attendant, by God’s will. the beginning of the seventeenth century, the Kupyatich monastery was built next to the church. Roman Catholics seized both at the end of the century. Later on, Uniate monks struggled there. monks, when they abandoned the monastery, took with them the holy icon of the Kupyatich Mother of God. They transferred the wonderworking icon to the Kiev Sophia cathedral. Kupyatich Icon is a small copper cross. On one side of the cross the Mother of God is depicted with the Pre-eternal Infant, and on the other side, the Crucifixion.

Russia, Volhynia, 1199-1349, Galicia-“Volhynia, Haylch-Volhynia, Kingdom of Rus, under the Horde, Orthodox
Galicia-“Volhynia, Lithuania-Volhynia, Kingdom of Rus; Kingdom or Principality of Galicia-“Volhynia[1] (also known as the Kingdom of Rus from 1253, was a medieval state and vassal of the Golden Horde in the Eastern European regions of Galicia and Volhynia that existed from 1199 to 1349. Its territory was predominantly located in modern-day Ukraine and Belarus. Along with Novgorod and Vladimir-Suzdal, it was one of the three most important powers to emerge from the collapse of Kievan Rus. The main language was Old East Slavic, a predecessor to Ukrainian, Belarusian and Russian, and the official religion was Eastern Orthodoxy. Grand Prince of Kyiv, Roman the Great, united the principalities of Halych and Volhynia into a single state at the turn of the 13th century. Following the destruction wreaked by the Mongol invasion of Kievan Rus (1239 to 1241), Prince Danylo Romanovych was forced to pledge allegiance to Batu Khan of the Golden Horde in 1246 as other princes of Rus did. He strove to rid his realm of the Mongol yoke, by formally drawing closer to Western Europe, however when Batu Khan ordered him to destroy city walls of his eastern cities he did so.[2] He was crowned "Rex Rusiae" by a papal legate in 1253, becoming officially an Orthodox subject of the Vatican. He also unsuccessfully attempted to establish military alliances with other European rulers.[3] The Polish conquest of the kingdom in 1349 ended its vassalage to the Golden Horde but it also ended its autonomy; the principality of Galicia was fully absorbed by Catholic Poland.[4] Upon annexing it, Polish King Casimir III the Great adopted the title of King of Poland and ruler of Ruthenia, and the territory was transformed into the Province of Ruthenia (Latin: Palatinatus Russiae) in 1434. western Galicia–Volhynia extended between the rivers San and Wieprz in what is now south-eastern Poland, while eastern territories covered the Pripet Marshes (now in Belarus) and the upper reaches of Southern Bug river in modern-day Ukraine. During its time, the kingdom was bordered by Black Rus, the Grand Duchy of Lithuania, the Principality of Turov-Pinsk, the Principality of Kyiv, the Golden Horde, the Kingdom of Hungary, the Kingdom of Poland, the Principality of Moldova and the Monastic State of the Teutonic Knights. Lithuania-Volhynia or Galicia-Volhynia Wars (1340-1392) ; St Alexis the Metropolitan of Moscow and Wonderworker of All Russia, Commemorated February 12;

Russia, Volhynia, 1226-1231, Elizabeth of Hungary, Halych ancestors, Princess, Thuringa, Marburg Hospital, German Ancestress
Hungary, 1226-1231, Princess, Elizabeth of Hungary; of Hungary (7 July 1207 - 17 November 1231),[6] also known as Saint Elizabeth of Thuringia or Saint Elisabeth of Thuringia, a princess of the Kingdom of Hungary, Landgravine of Thuringia, Germany, and a greatly venerated Catholic saint who was an early member of the Third Order of St. Francis, by which she is honored as its patroness.[7] was married at the age of 14, and widowed at 20.[8] After her husband's death she sent her children away and regained her dowry, using the money to build a hospital where she herself served the sick. She became a symbol of Christian charity after her death at the age of 24 and was canonized on 25 May 1235. life and marriage[edit] was the daughter of King Andrew II of Hungary and Gertrude of Merania. Her mother's sister was Hedwig of Andechs, wife of Duke Heinrich I of Silesia.[6] ancestry included many notable figures of European royalty, going back as far as Vladimir the Great of the Kievan Rus. According to tradition, she was born in Hungary, possibly in the castle of Sárospatak (discussed below), on 7 July 1207.[9][10][11] sermon printed in 1497 by the Franciscan friar Osvaldus de Lasco, a church official in Hungary, is the first to name Sárospatak as Elizabeth's birthplace, perhaps building on local tradition. The veracity of this account is not without reproach: Osvaldus also translates the miracle of the roses (see below) to Elizabeth's childhood in Sárospatak and has her leave Hungary at the age of five.[12] to a different tradition she was born in Pozsony, Hungary, (present-day Bratislava, Slovakia), where she lived in the Castle of Posonium until the age of four. was brought to the court of the rulers of Thuringia in central Germany, to be betrothed to Louis IV, Landgrave of Thuringia[8] (also known as Ludwig IV), a future union which would reinforce political alliances between the families.[a] She was raised by the Thuringian court and would have been familiar with the local language and culture. St. Elizabeth washing a sick man a scene from the main altar of St. Elisabeth Cathedral in Kassa, 15th century 1221, at the age of fourteen, Elizabeth married Louis; the same year he was enthroned as Landgrave, and the marriage appears to have been happy. inclinations, influences[edit] 1223, Franciscan friars arrived, and the teenage Elizabeth not only learned about the ideals of Francis of Assisi, but started to live them.[14] was not upset by his wife's charitable efforts, believing that the distribution of his wealth to the poor would bring eternal reward; he is venerated in Thuringia as a saint, though he was never canonized by the Church.[15] was also about this time that the priest and later inquisitor Konrad von Marburg gained considerable influence over Elizabeth when he was appointed as her confessor. In the spring of 1226, when floods, famine, and plague wrought havoc in Thuringia, Louis, a staunch supporter of the Hohenstaufen Frederick II, Holy Roman Emperor, represented Frederick II at the Imperial Diet held in Cremona. assumed control of affairs at home and distributed alms in all parts of their territory, even giving away state robes and ornaments to the poor. St. Elizabeth spinning wool for the poor by Marianne Stokes (1895) life changed irrevocably on 11 September 1227 when Louis, en route to join the Sixth Crusade, died of a fever in Otranto, Italy, just a few weeks before the birth of her daughter Gertrude. hearing the news of her husband's death, Elizabeth reportedly said, "He is dead. He is dead. It is to me as if the whole world died today."[16] His remains were returned to Elizabeth in 1228 and entombed at the Abbey of Reinhardsbrunn. Louis' death, his brother, Henry Raspe, assumed the regency during the minority of Elizabeth's eldest child, Hermann (1222–1241). bitter arguments over the disposal of her dowry — a conflict in which Konrad was appointed as the official Defender of her case by Pope Gregory IX — Elizabeth left the court at Wartburg and moved to Marburg in Hesse. to 1888 it was believed, on account of the testimony of one of Elizabeth's servants during the canonization process, that Elizabeth was driven from the Wartburg in the winter of 1227 by her brother-in-law, Heinrich Raspe, who acted as regent for her son, then only five years old. 1888 various investigators (Börner, Mielke, Wenck, E. Michael, etc.) asserted that Elizabeth left the Wartburg voluntarily. She was not able at the castle to follow Konrad's command to eat only food obtained in a way that was certainly right and proper.[6] her husband's death, Elizabeth made solemn vows to Konrad similar to those of a nun. These vows included celibacy, as well as complete obedience to Konrad as her confessor and spiritual director. treatment of Elizabeth was extremely harsh, and he held her to standards of behavior which were almost impossible to meet. the punishments he is alleged to have ordered were physical beatings; he also ordered her to send away her three children. pledge to celibacy proved a hindrance to her family's political ambitions. Elizabeth was more or less held hostage at Pottenstein, the castle of her uncle, Bishop Ekbert of Bamberg, in an effort to force her to remarry. however, held fast to her vow, even threatening to cut off her own nose so that no man would find her attractive enough to marry.[17] second child Sophie of Thuringia (1224–1275) married Henry II, Duke of Brabant, and was the ancestress of the Landgraves of Hesse, since in the War of the Thuringian Succession she won Hesse for her son Heinrich I, called the Child. third child, Gertrude of Altenberg (1227–1297), was born several weeks after the death of her father; she became abbess of the monastery of Altenberg Abbey, Hesse near Wetzlar.[18] built a hospital at Marburg for the poor and the sick with the money from her dowry, where she and her companions cared for them.[19] Miracles[edit] of the Roses[edit] A statue showing the miracle of the roses in the rose garden in front of the neo-Gothic church dedicated to her at Roses' Square (Rózsák tere), Budapest[20] is perhaps best known for her miracle of the roses which says that whilst she was taking bread to the poor in secret, she met her husband Ludwig on a hunting party, who, in order to quell suspicions of the gentry that she was stealing treasure from the castle, asked her to reveal what was hidden under her cloak. In that moment, her cloak fell open and a vision of white and red roses could be seen, which proved to Ludwig that God's protecting hand was at work.[21] husband, according to the vitae, was never troubled by her charity and always supported it. In some versions of this story, it is her brother in law, Heinrich Raspe, who questions her. Hers is one of many miracles that associate Christian saints with roses. in the bed[edit] story told of Elizabeth, also found in Dietrich of Apolda's Vita, relates how she laid the leper Helias of Eisenach in the bed she shared with her husband. Her mother-in-law, who was horrified, told this immediately to Ludwig on his return. When Ludwig removed the bedclothes in great indignation, at that instant "Almighty God opened the eyes of his soul, and instead of a leper he saw the figure of Christ crucified stretched upon the bed."[21] This story also appears in Franz Liszt's oratorio about Elizabeth.[22] and legacy[edit] Elisabethkirche in Marburg Floorplan of Elisabethkirche Elisabeth church in Grave, The Netherlands 1231, Elizabeth died in Marburg at the age of twenty-four.[23] after death and canonization[edit] soon after the death of Elizabeth, miracles were reported that happened at her grave in the church of the hospital, especially those of healing. On the suggestion of Konrad, and by papal command, examinations were held of those who had been healed between August 1232 and January 1235. The results of those examinations was supplemented by a brief vita of the saint-to-be, and together with the testimony of Elizabeth's handmaidens and companions (bound in a booklet called the Libellus de dictis quatuor ancillarum s. Elizabeth confectus), proved sufficient reason for quick canonization. She was canonized by Pope Gregory IX on 24 May 1235.[23] shrine became one of the main German centers of pilgrimage of the 14th century and early 15th century. During the course of the 15th century, the popularity of the cult of St Elizabeth slowly faded, though to some extent this was mitigated by an aristocratic devotion to St Elizabeth, since through her daughter Sophia she was an ancestor of many leading aristocratic German families. papal bull declaring her a saint is on display in the Schatzkammer of the Deutschordenskirche in Vienna, Austria. Her body was laid in a magnificent golden shrine—still to be seen today—in the Marburg church bearing her name. But three hundred years after her death, one of Elizabeth's many descendants, the Landgrave Philip I "the Magnanimous" of Hesse, a leader of the Protestant Reformation and one of the most important supporters of Martin Luther, raided the church in Marburg and demanded that the Teutonic Order hand over Elizabeth's bones, in order to disperse her relics and thus put an end to the already declining pilgrimages to Marburg.[6] Philip took away the crowned agate chalice in which her head rested, but returned it after being imprisoned by Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor. reliquary chalice was subsequently plundered by Swedish troops during the Thirty Years' War and is now on display at The Swedish History Museum in Stockholm.[24] Her skull and some of her bones can be seen at the Viennese convent bearing her name. A portion of her relics were kept in the church of the Carmelites at Brussels; another in the magnificent chapel of La Roche-Guyon, upon the Seine, and a considerable part in a precious shrine is in the electoral treasury of Hanover.[25] Another part of her relics were taken to Santafé de Bogotá, then the capital of the Spanish New Kingdom of Granada by friar Luis Zapata de Cárdenas. The relics are today inside a chapel dedicated to the saint in the Primatial Cathedral of Bogotá. Elisabethkirche is now a Protestant church, but has spaces set aside for Catholic worship. Marburg became a center of the Teutonic Order, which adopted St. Elizabeth as its secondary patroness. The Order remained in Marburg until its official dissolution by Napoleon in 1803. of Hungary is remembered in the Church of England with a Lesser Festival on 18 November.[26] with the Franciscans[edit] her death, Elizabeth was commonly associated with the Third Order of Saint Francis, the primarily lay branch of the Franciscan Order, which has helped propagate her cult. Whether she ever actually joined the order, only recently founded in 1221, the year when she married Louis at the age of fourteen, is not proven to everyone's satisfaction.[27] must be kept in mind though that the Third Order was such a new development in the Franciscan movement, that no one official ritual had been established at that point. Elizabeth clearly had a ceremony of consecration in which she adopted a Franciscan religious habit in her new way of life, as noted above. her support of the friars sent to Thuringia, she was made known to the founder, St Francis of Assisi, who sent her a personal message of blessing shortly before his death in 1226. Upon her canonization she was declared the patron saint of the Third Order of St Francis, an honor she shares with St Louis IX of France. Hungary, 1205-1235, King, Andrew II of Hungary ; ELIZABETH OF HUNGARY, PRINCESS AND PHILANTHROPIST (19 NOV 1231) ;

Russia, Volhynia, 1301-1308, Yuri I Galicia, Kng Ruthenia, G P Kiev, Volydymyr-Volhynia, Halych, Lutsk, Dorohochyn
Russia, Volhynia, 1301-1308, Yuri I of Galicia ; I of Galicia (Ukrainian: ÃÂ®Ñ€Ñ–ÃÂ¹ I ÃÂ›ÑŒÃÂ²ÃÂ¾ÃÂ²ÃÂ¸Ñ‡, 24 April 1252 (1257?) – 18 March 1308) was a King of Rus', Prince of Volhynia (Latin: Regis Rusie, Princeps Ladimerie). His full title was Yuri I, King of Ruthenia, Grand Prince of Kiev, Volydymyr-Volhynia, Halych, Lutsk, Dorohochyn. Overview Modern interpretation of the King seal of Yuri I of Halych In 1264-1301 he was a prince of the Duchy of Belz. He was a son of Lev Danylovych (Knyaz of Halych, 1269–1301) and Constance of Hungary, a daughter of King Béla IV and Maria Laskarina. He married three times. His first wife was Yaroslavna of Tver (died ca. 1286). His second wife was Euphemia of Kuyavia (died 18 March 1308), daughter of Casimir I of Kuyavia. His third wife is unknown. Principality of Galicia-Volynia, Kingdom of Rus, Ukraine; Repose of Saint Peter, Metropolitan of Moscow, Wonderworker of All Russia, Commemorated on December 21;

Russia, Volhynia, 1306, St Peter Icon, given to St Maximus, MOG, bishop rather on one who painted this icon
+Ratne, Volhynia; Icon of the Mother of God of St Peter of Moscow, Commemorated on August 24; Icon of the Most Holy Theotokos “Of Saint Peter” was so called because it was painted by Saint Peter, Metropolitan of Moscow (+ December 21, 1326) while he was igumen of the Ratsk monastery near Volhynia. During a visit to the Ratsk monastery by Saint Maximus, Metropolitan of Kiev and All Russia (+ December 6, 1306), Saint Peter gave him this icon as a gift. The Metropolitan took it to Vladimir at Klyazma, where his cathedral was then located. the death of Saint Maximus, the igumen Gerontius, who wished to become the new metropolitan, intended to take this icon to Patriarch Athanasius of Constantinople (October 24). The journey of Igumen Gerontius was delayed, however, by a terrible storm at sea. During this storm, the Most Holy Theotokos appeared to him and said: “The office of bishop will not be conferred upon you, but rather on the one who painted My Icon.” he came before Patriarch Athanasius, Saint Peter was already in Constantinople and had been consecrated as Metropolitan. The Patriarch gave the icon to Saint Peter with the words: “Take the holy icon of the Mother of God, which you painted with your own hands, for this reason the Ever-Virgin Herself has granted you this gift, and She foretold your path.” Peter took the icon to Vladimir, and when the metropolitan cathedral was transfered to Moscow in the year 1325, the icon was placed in the Dormition Cathedral above the table of oblation. Repose of St Peter the Metropolitan of Moscow and Wonderworker of All Russia, Commemorated on December 21; Peter, Metropolitan of Moscow, was born in Volhynia of pious parents, Theodore and Eupraxia. Even before the birth of her son, the Lord revealed to Eupraxia the preordained blessedness of her son. At the age of twelve, young Peter entered a monastery. He successfully studied the book sciences of those times and eagerly fulfilled his monastic obediences. The future saint devoted much time to an attentive study of the Holy Scriptures, and he also learned iconography. The icons painted by Saint Peter were distributed to the brethren and to Christians who visited the monastery. of his virtuous and ascetic life, the igumen of the monastery had Saint Peter ordained as a hieromonk. After years of ascetic labors at the monastery, the hieromonk Peter, with the blessing of the igumen, left the monastery in search of a solitary place. built a cell at the Rata River and began to pursue asceticism in silence. Afterwards, at the place of his ascetic exploits, a monastery was formed, called the Novodvorsk. A church dedicated to the Savior was built for the monks who came to him. Chosen as igumen, Saint Peter guided his spiritual children, and never became angry with a guilty monk. Instead, he instructed the brethren by word and by example. The virtuous igumen and ascetic became known far beyond the vicinity of the monastery. Prince Yuri of Galicia frequently visited the monastery in order to receive spiritual instruction from the holy ascetic. in his travels through the Russian land, Metropolitan Maximus of Kiev and Vladimir (December 6) visited the monastery with words of instruction and edification. Having received the blessing of Saint Maximus, Saint Peter presented him with an icon of the Dormition of the Most Holy Theotokos, which he had painted. Saint Maximus prayed before the icon for the salvation of the Russian land entrusted to him by God until the end of his days. Metropolitan Maximus died, the See of Vladimir remained for a certain time unoccupied. An abbot named Gerontius, aspiring to become the primate of Russia, went to Constantinople with Saint Peter’s vestments, archpastoral staff, and the icon he had painted. The Great Prince of Vladimir, Saint Michael of Tver (November 22), sent him to the Patriarch of Constantinople with a petition that he be appointed as Metropolitan of Russia. the suggestion of Prince Yuri of Galicia, Igumen Peter reluctantly went to the Patriarch of Constantinople with a petition that he be consecrated as Metropolitan. God chose Saint Peter to nourish the Russian Church. The Mother of God appeared to Gerontius during a storm on the Black Sea and said, “You labor in vain, for you will never be bishop. The one who painted this icon, the Rata igumen Peter, shall be elevated to the throne of Kiev.” words of the Mother of God were fulfilled. Patriarch Athanasius of Constantinople (1289-1293) elevated Saint Peter as Metropolitan of Russia, bestowing upon him the hierarchal vestments, staff and icon, brought by Gerontius. Upon his return to Russia in 1308, Metropolitan Peter arrived at Kiev after a year, and then proceeded on to Vladimir. chief hierarch was tested by many trials during his first years of guiding the Russian metropolitanate. Suffering beneath the Tatar (Mongol) Yoke the Russian land was in turmoil, and Saint Peter was often obliged to change the place of his residence. During this period the saint’s labors and concerns to affirm the true Faith and morality in the realm were particularly important. On his journeys throughout the diocese, he incessantly instructed the people and clergy on preserving Christian piety. He also brought quarrelsome princes to peace and unity. the year 1312 the saint made a journey to the Horde, where he received a decree from Khan Uzbek, safeguarding the rights of the Russian clergy. 1325 Metropolitan Peter, at the request of Great Prince John Kalita (1328-1340), transferred the metropolitan See from Vladimir to Moscow. This event had very great significance for all the Russian land. Saint Peter prophetically predicted deliverance from the Tatar Yoke and that Moscow would become the foremost city in Russia. his blessing, the foundation of the cathedral of the Dormition of the Most Holy Theotokos in the Moscow Kremlin was laid in August 1326. Peter fell asleep in the Lord on December 21, 1326. The holy relics of the saint were buried in the Dormition cathedral in a stone crypt, which he himself had prepared. Many miracles were accomplished through the saint’s prayers. Many healings were even done secretly, which testifies to his profound humility even after death. veneration of the first hierarch of the Russian Church was affirmed and spread throughout the Russian land. In 1339, under Saint Theognostus (March 14), Saint Peter was numbered among the saints. Princes kissed the cross on the saint’s tomb as a sign of their fidelity to the Great Prince of Moscow. a particularly venerated protector of Moscow, Saint Peter was called on to witness the drawing up of government treaties. The people of Novgorod once had the right of nominating their own bishop in the cathedral of Saint Sophia. After their annexation to Moscow under Ivan III, they swore an oath that henceforth they would only consecrate their archbishops at the grave of Saint Peter the Wonderworker. And it was at the grave of the saint that the first hierarchs of Russia were named and chosen. Russian Chronicles mention him frequently, and no significant state undertaking was initiated without prayers at the grave of Saint Peter. The relics of Saint Peter were transferred in 1472 and 1479. In memory of these events, feastdays were established for October 5 and August 24.

Russia, Volhynia, 1356-1401, Orthodox Duke, Vladislaus II of Opole, Czestochowa Icon
Russia, Volhynia, 1356-1401, Orthodox Duke, Vladislaus II of Opole, Czestochowa Icon Icon of the Mother of God œCzestochowaÂÂ, Commemorated on March 6;

Russia, Volhynia, 1386-1483, Theodore, Ostrog Prince, Volynia, built churches, defended Orthodoxy a Papism, incorrupt r
Russia, Volhynia, 1386-1483, Saint Theodore, Prince of Ostrog, Volynia; Ostrog, Ukraine St Theodosius (Prince Theodore of Ostrog) of the Kiev Caves, Commemorated on August 11 ; Theodore, Prince of Ostrog, gained fame with the construction of churches and by his defense of Orthodoxy in Volhynia against the enroachment of Papism. was descended from Saint Vladimir (July 15), through a great-grandson Svyatopolk-Michael, prince of Turov (1080-1093) and later Great Prince of Kiev (+1113). first time the name of the holy Prince Theodore is mentioned is in the year 1386, when the Polish king Jagiello and the Lithuanian prince Vitovt affirmed his hereditary possession of the Ostrog district, and they augmented the Zaslavsk and Koretsk surroundings. 1410 Saint Theodore participated in the defeat of the Teutonic Knights of the Catholic Order at the Battle of Gruenwald. In 1422 the holy prince, because of sympathy for the Orthodox in Bohemia, supported the Hussites in their struggle with the German emperor Sigismund. Theodore introduced the Hussite formation (i.e., the Taborite, adopted by the Ukrainian Cossacks) into Russian military strategy. 1432, after winning a series of victories over the Polish forces, Saint Theodore compelled Prince Jagiello to guarantee the freedom of Orthodoxy in Volhynia under the law. Prince Svidrigailo, apprehensive of the strengthening of his ally, locked Saint Theodore into prison, but the people who loved the saint rose up in rebellion, and he was freed. Theodore was reconciled with the offender and went to him for help in the struggle against the Lithuanians and the Poles. In 1438, the holy prince took part in a battle with the Tatars. In 1440, with the accession to the Polish throne of Cazimir, youngest son of Prince Jagiello, Saint Theodore received the rights of administration of the city of Vladimir, Dubno, Ostrog, and he was granted extensive holdings in the best regions of Podolia and Volhynia. Theodore left all this behind, together with princely power and fame. After 1441 he entered the Kiev Caves monastery, where he received the monastic tonsure with the name Theodosius, he struggled there for the salvation of his soul until the time of his blessed repose. year of Saint Theodore’s death is unknown, but it is probable that he died in the second half of the fifteenth century at a great old age (S. M. Soloviev in his History of Russia gives the year of his death as 1483). The saint was buried in the Far Caves of Saint Theodosius. His glorification apparently took place at the end of the sixteenth century, since in the year 1638 the hieromonk Athanasius Kal’nophysky testified that “Saint Theodore rests in the Theodosiev Cave, where his body was discovered incorrupt.” Theodore is also commemorated on the Synaxis of the Monastic Fathers of the Far Caves on August 28.

Russia, Volhynia, 1545-1608, Prince Constantine Ostrozhsky, Konstanty Ostrogski, of Turov and Pinsk
Volhynia, 1545-1608, Prince Constantine Ostrozhsky, Konstanty Ostrogski; Repose of the Venerable Job, Abbot and Wonderworker of Pochaev, Commemorated on October 28;

Russia, Volhynia, 1571-1651, Saint Job of Pochaev
Volhynia, 1571-1651, Saint Job of Pochaev; Repose of the Venerable Job, Abbot and Wonderworker of Pochaev, Commemorated on October 28;

Russia, Volhynia, 1654-1655, Ozerianka Icon, of Shuiu-Smolensk, painted in response to a pestilence
Ozerianka, Volhynia, Ukraine; Ozerianka Icon of the Mother of God of Shuiu-Smolensk, Commemorated on November 2 ; Shuiu-Smolensk Wonderworking Icon of the Mother of God was painted in the years 1654-1655 in the Resurrection parish of the city of Shuiu, where an unrelenting pestilence raged. Trusting in the mercy of God and the intercession of the Mother of God, the parishioners of the Resurrection church commissioned a certain pious monk to paint the icon of the Smolensk Mother of God, an icon long attributed with being a rescuer of the Russian people from enemies and misfortune. parishioners spent the whole week in prayer and fasting while the image was being painted. When the icon was finished, the priest and the people took it to the church and set it in a specially built place. From that time the pestilence began to ease, at first in the area of the Resurrection parish, and then also in all the city. the Icon of the Mother of God many miracles of healing took place, especially of eye diseases. The icon is also celebrated on July 11, July 28, and Bright Tuesday.

Russia, Volhynia, 1675, Turkish siege Pochaev on July 20-23, 1675
Volynia, Turkish siege on July 20-23, 1675; Crimean-Nogai Raids; Commemoration of the Miraculous Appearance of the Mother of God at Pochaev, which saved the Monastery from the assault of the Tatars and Turks, Commemorated on July 23;

Russia, Volhynia, 1675, Zbarazhsk War with the Turks
Zbarazhsk Castle; Zbarazhsk War with the Turks 1675; Commemoration of the Miraculous Appearance of the Mother of God at Pochaev, which saved the Monastery from the assault of the Tatars and Turks, Commemorated on July 23;

Russia, Volhynia, 1675, Pochaev Icon saves Pochaev Monastery from Tartars and Turks
Pochaev; Pochayiv Lavra; Uniates; Icon of the Mother of God of Pochaev, Commemorated on July 23; Commemoration of the Miraculous Appearance of the Mother of God at Pochaev, which saved the Monastery from the assault of the Tatars and Turks, Commemorated on July 23; of the Miraculous Appearance of the Mother of God at Pochaev, which saved the Monastery from the assault of the Tatars and Turks Pochaev Icon of the Mother of God is among the most revered sacred objects of the Orthodox Church. Located in the Dormition Cathedral at Pochaev, Ukraine, the Icon is reknowned throughout the entire Slavic world, and is venerated in Russia, Bosnia, Serbia, Bulgaria, and in other places. Christians of other confessions also venerate the Pochaev Icon of the Most Holy Theotokos. The wonderworking Icon has been treasured at the Pochaev Lavra for over 400 years. miracles have taken place before the holy Icon, and these are recorded in special books at the monastery. The books contain the personal testimonies of people who prayed before the Pochaev Icon and were healed of their illnesses, delivered from unclean spirits, or freed from captivity. Many sinners were also brought to repentance. Feast Day in honor of the Pochaev Icon of the Mother of God was appointed to commemorate the deliverance of the Dormition Lavra from a siege by the Turks on July 20-23, 1675. the summer of 1675 during the Zbarazhsk War with the Turks, in the reign of the Polish King Jan Sobesski (1674-1696), regiments composed of Tatars under the command of Khan Nurredin via Vishnevets fell upon the Pochaev monastery, surrounding it on three sides. The weak monastery walls and its stone buildings did not offer much protection against a siege. Igoumen Joseph Dobromirsky urged the brethren and laypeople to pray to their heavenly intercessors, the Most Holy Theotokos and Saint Job of Pochaev (October 28). monks and the people prayed fervently, prostrating themselves before the wonderworking Icon of the Mother of God, and the reliquary containing the relics of Saint Job. At sunrise on the morning of July 23, as the Tatars prepared to attack the monastery, the Igoumen ordered an Akathist to the Theotokos to be sung. At the opening words, “O Queen of the Heavenly Hosts,” the Mother of God suddenly appeared over the church, in “an unfurled radiant white omaphorion,” with angels holding unsheathed swords. Saint Job stood beside the Mother of God, bowing to her and beseeching her to defend the monastery. Tatars believed that the heavenly army was a vision, and in their confusion they started shooting arrows at the Most Holy Theotokos and Saint Job, but the arrows turned backwards and wounded those who shot them. The enemy, gripped by terror, fled in panic, trampling upon and killing each other. The defenders of the monastery pursued them and took many prisoners. Later, some of the prisoners converted to the Orthodox Faith and remained at the monastery thereafter. the year 1721, Pochaev was occupied by the Uniates. Even during this difficult time for the Lavra, the monastery Chronicle lists 539 miracles of the Pochaev Icon. In the second half of the eighteenth century, a Uniate nobleman, Count Nicholas Pototski, became a benefactor of the Pochaev Lavra through the following miraculous circumstance. After accusing his coachman of overturning the carriage with runaway horses, the Count took out a pistol to shoot him. The coachman, turning towards the mountain of Pochaev, stretched out his hands and cried: "Mother of God, depicted in the Pochaev Icon, save me!” times Pototski tried to shoot the pistol, which had never failed him, but the weapon misfired and the coachman remained alive. Pototski went at once to the wonderworking Icon and resolved to devote himself and all his property to building up the monastery. With the money he contributed, the Dormition cathedral was built, as well as other buildings for the brethren. return of the Pochaev Monastery to the Orthodox Church in 1832 was marked by the miraculous healing of the blind maiden Anna Akimchukova, who had come on pilgrimage to the holy shrine along with her seventy-year-old grandmother from Kremenets-Podolsk, 200 versts away. In memory of this event, the Archbishop of Volhynia and Archimandrite Innocent of the Lavra (1832-1840) appointed that an Akathist be read on Saturdays before the wonderworking Icon. During the time of Archimandrite Agathangelus, Archbishop of Volhynia (1866-1876), a separate chapel was built in the galleries of the Holy Trinity church, which was dedicated on July 23, 1875 in memory of the victory over the Tatars. wonderworking Pochaev Icon is also commemorated on Friday of Bright Week, and on September 8. Uncovering of the relics of the Venerable Job, Abbot and Wonderworker of Pochaev, Commemorated August 28 ; Icon of the Mother of God of Pochaev, Commemorated September 8 ; Venerable Job the Abbot of Pochaev, Commemorated October 10 ; Repose of the Venerable Job, Abbot and Wonderworker of Pochaev, Commemorated on October 28;

Russia, Volhynia, 1892-1937, Alexander Hotovitzky, Volhynia Seminary, New York, San Francisco, Moscow, special spark from God
Russia, Volhynia, 1892-1937, Alexander Hotovitzky, Volhynia, son of rector of V T Seminary, educated there and Petersburg T A, New York, San Francisco, special spark from God, preaching, Tikhon, US missionary, Uniates from his home, Philidelphia, Yonkers, Passaic, publisher, mutual aid, St Nik Cathedral, Finland, proselytic Lutherans, Moscow, Tikhon, struggle to save the nation, Civil War, brotherhood, alms for Cathedral, arrests, confiscations, chruch donations for starving, however Church forbad sacred vessels surrender, court cases counter-revolutionary activities, draft resolution guaratee for starving, deemed c-r, executions, acknowleged main organizer, milder verdict 10 yrs, amnesty, interrogation, exile to Turuhan r, return, protopresbyter to Sergius, rector on Donskoy st, light in his eyes, 1937 arrest and martyrdom; Alexander Hotovitzky (or Hotovitsky), hieromartyr of the Bolshevik yoke, Missionary of America, was a Ukrainian who came to the United States in the 1890s as a lay missionary and was ordained to the priesthood while there. was active as a missionary among the emigrated Uniates in the northeastern United States before being ordered back to Europe 1914. was to become vicar of the congregation of the Russian Embassy in Berlin. of the outbreak of the First World War he was instead nominated as vicar of the Orthodox congregation in Helsinki, Finland, then a part of imperial Russia. 1917 he was assigned to Christ the Savior Cathedral in Moscow. the Bolshevik coup he was subjected to many cruelties by the revolutionaries as he defended the Orthodox faith, his people, and church property. to many arrests and exile Father Alexander served his Church as best he could through these tumultuous times until after a final arrest he was executed during the Great Purge on August 19, 1937. glorification is celebrated on December 4. Kremenetz - Kremenetz city of Kremenetz district and rests 18 km north-east of the great Pochayiv Lavra ; Glorification of the Priestmartyr Alexander Hotovitzky, Commemorated December 4 ; New Martyr of Russia Alexander Hotovitzky was born on February 11, 1872 in the city of Kremenetz, into the pious family of Archpriest Alexander, who was Rector of the Volhynia Theological Seminary and would later be long remembered in the hearts of the Orthodox inhabitants of Volhynia as a good shepherd. Alexander received a good Christian upbringing from his parents, who instilled in him love for the Orthodox Church and for the people of God. future pastor was educated at the Volhynia Seminary and the Saint Petersburg Theological Academy, from which he graduated with a Master’s degree in 1895. graduation from the Academy, he was sent for missionary service to the Diocese of the Aleutians and North America, where he was assigned to the position of reader at the newly-established Saint Nicholas Orthodox Church in New York City. his marriage to Maria Scherbuhina, a graduate of the Pavlovsk Institute in Saint Petersburg, the Hieromartyr Alexander was ordained to the diaconate, and soon after, on February 25, 1896, to the priesthood by Bishop Nicholas (Ziorov) of the Aleutians, whom Father Alexander would always later remember with gratitude and love. ordination took place at the diocesan cathedral in San Francisco. In his address to the newly-ordained Father Alexander, Bishop Nicholas explained his selection of the new priest for ordained ministry in these words: “Your special sense of decency, your good upbringing, your noble idealism, and your sincere piety immediately caused me to look favorably upon you and compelled me to single you out among the young people, with whom you used to visit me in Saint Petersburg... could see that you had that special spark from God, which makes any service an action truly done for God’s sake, and without which a vocation becomes soul-less and dead work... first experience in preaching has shown you the power of this kind of inspiration: you saw how the people gathered around you and how attentively they stood and listened at length to your discourses... Why did these people listen to you rather than going to hear other preachers? Clearly the spark which burns within you attracts the hearts of these people like a magnet.” week after his ordination, the young priest returned to New York to assume the pastorate of the parish where he had previously served as reader. From 1898 to 1907, the New Martyr Alexander served as a pastor under the omophorion of Bishop Tikhon. Tikhon, who, in the tragic year of 1917, was to be elevated by Divine Providence to the primatial see as Patriarch of Moscow, valued highly Father Alexander’s sincere piety, his gift of pastoral love, and his multifaceted theological erudition. spectrum of his activity in the United States was quite broad and very fruitful. He was successful in missionary service, primarily among Uniates newly-emigrated from Galicia and Carpathian Rus. was also one of the closest collaborators of the Orthodox archpastors in America and represented the Orthodox Church before American religious institutions and meetings. Alexander’s missionary work was not without many temptations and sorrows. later Metropolitan, Platon (Rozhdestvensky) expressed gratitude for the Passion-bearer Alexander’s labors in America in an address delivered at the Divine Liturgy on February 26, 1914. Bidding farewell to Father Alexander, the Archbishop said, “One morning, during the years we worked together, you came to my room and, without saying much, unbuttoned your shirt, revealing a very large, bluish, bloody abrasion on your chest. That wound from a fanatic, who in a fit of rage attacked you wildly with a stick, followed the meeting of Russian people at which you had encouraged your own ethnic brother to renounce the pernicious Unia with Rome... My entire being was shaken to the core and I was profoundly moved, for before me at that moment was a genuine example of witness for Christ.” Father Alexander’s efforts, Orthodox parishes were established in Philadelphia, Yonkers, and Passaic as well as other large and small towns throughout North America. The parishioners of these churches were cradle Orthodox whom fate had brought to the New World, as well as Carpatho-Russians converted from the Unia and former Protestant converts to the Orthodox Church. important contribution to the witness of the truth of Orthodoxy before heterodox American society was made by the American Orthodox Messenger, which was published in English and Russian under Father Alexander’s editorship. Articles by the editor regularly appeared in this journal. New Martyr Alexander actively participated in the establishment of an Orthodox diocesan mutual aid society and at various times, he served as treasurer, first secretary, and president of this organization. The society provided material aid to Austrian Carpatho-Russians, Macedonian Slavs, Russian troops in Manchuria, and to Russian prisoners of war in Japanese camps. Alexander also took upon himself the ascetical burden of constructing the architecturally remarkable and majestic Saint Nicholas Cathedral in New York to replace the small parish church. cathedral was to become an adornment of the city. He visited Orthodox communities throughout America soliciting funds for the construction of the Cathedral. 1901, he also traveled to his homeland, Russia, for this purpose. the annals of Saint Nicholas Church, which in 1903 became the diocesan Cathedral, it is recorded that, “This Cathedral was established and constructed in the City of New York in North America, under the supervision and through the efforts and labors of the most honorable Archpriest Father Alexander Hotovitzky in the year of Our Lord 1902.” February 26, 1906, Orthodox America celebrated the tenth anniversary of priestly service of Archpriest Alexander, one of its most remarkable pastors. Bishop Tikhon greeted the jubilarian with these words: “As you remember your ordination as a priest of God at this anniversary, you are doubtless unwillingly contemplating how you have used your God-given talents, and asking yourself if the Grace of God was bestowed on you in vain and how far you have advanced on the path of moral perfection. you judge yourself in this way, you are at the same time the judge and the accused. In order for a judgment to be fair, the testimony of onlookers, the witnesses, must be heard. Now they are speaking before you—listen to them. Thanks be to the Lord! We just heard their eloquent and heartfelt testimony praising you. myself as your superior, I can testify that you have proven to be trustworthy, and have justified the expectations which were hoped for at your ordination.” sacrificial and dedicated pastoral service of the New Martyr Alexander in America was concluded on February 26, 1914, exactly eighteen years after his ordination to the priesthood. his farewell address, Father Alexander said, “Farewell, American Orthodox Rus—my dear Mother, the Holy American Church. I, your ever-grateful son, bow fully to the ground before you. You gave birth to me spiritually, you nurtured me, from your depths you inspired me by your strength. Through the shining witness of your founders, through the enlightened apostolic teachings of your preachers, through the fervor of your faithful flock, you have given me the greatest possible joy—to be your son.” 1914 to 1917, Father Alexander served as a priest in Helsinki, Finland, where the majority of the population was Protestant. Finland was then part of the Russian Empire, the Orthodox clergy there had to exert great efforts to protect the Orthodox Karelians from the proselytic expansionism of the Finnish Lutherans. In Finland, the New Martyr Alexander was a loyal, active, and dedicated assistant to his archpastor—Sergius (Stragorodsky), the future Patriarch. August 1917, Archpriest Alexander was transferred to Moscow and assigned as assistant pastor of Christ the Savior Cathedral. Here he was again under the direct guidance of Saint Tikhon, with whom he had already been closely associated in America. Passion-bearer Alexander participated in the deliberations of the Church Council of 1917-18. When the Council discussed the drafting of a message to the Orthodox flock concerning elections to the State Council, he stated that, as the fate of Russia was at stake, the Church and the Council in particular should not shy away from the struggle to save the nation. about the efforts of the Council to upbuild the Church, he outlined his preliminary plans for order and healing in the internal life of the Church and stated with some bitterness, “It seems as if there were builders who were furiously preparing blueprints, plans and so forth for the construction of an edifice and at the same time were calmly observing the destruction brick by brick of this edifice by enemies.” the difficult years of the Civil War, the New Martyr Alexander collaborated closely with Saint Tikhon in the administration of the Moscow diocese. 1918, under the spiritual leadership of the rector, Father Nicholas Arseniev, and the assistant pastor, Father Alexander, a brotherhood affiliated with Christ the Savior Cathedral was established. As its first activity, the brotherhood issued an appeal to the Orthodox flock, which Father Alexander helped write. document stated, “People of Russia! Christ the Savior Cathedral, the adornment of Moscow, the pride of Russia, the joy of the Orthodox Church has been condemned to slow destruction. This glorious monument to the great exploits of Russian warriors, who gave their lives for their native land and the Holy Orthodox Faith, has been denied state support...People of Russia! Will you really surrender this wonderful church of the Savior to mockery? it really true, as is claimed by the persecutors of the Holy Church, that the people of Russia no longer need holy things—Churches, sacraments, services, because all this is outdated and superstitious? Respond, you faithful! All of you, respond as one! Rise up and protect your holy things! May the generous and well-intentioned donations of the rich be added to the precious pennies of the faithful poor. Moscow, you are the heart of Russia! Preserve your holy shrine—your golden-domed Church of the Savior!...” response to this appeal, Orthodox inhabitants of Moscow joined the brotherhood of Christ the Savior Cathedral, and gave their alms to support the majestic church. service at that time was accompanied by much grief and danger. May 1920 and November 1921 Father Alexander was arrested for brief periods. He was accused of violating the decrees concerning the separation of the Church from the state, and the school from the Church, by holding church school for the children. 1922, the Church was subjected to harsh tribulations when, under the pretext of helping the starving, ecclesiastical treasures including sacred vessels, icons, and other holy things were violently confiscated by the state. the appeal of Her holy primate, the Orthodox Church made generous donations to assist the starving. when Saint Tikhon issued a statement to his flock throughout Russia forbidding the cooperation of the clergy in surrendering sacred vessels for non-ecclesiastical use based on canon law, slanderous campaign against the Church was begun in the press, Her primate was arrested, and a wave of court cases took place throughout Russia, in which servants of the Lord’s altar were accused of counter-revolutionary activity. During these trials many faithful servants of the Church of Christ were sentenced to death and shed their blood as hieromartyrs and martyrs. this difficult time for the Church, Father Alexander was unwaveringly guided by the statements of the Holy Patriarch to his flock and also followed his directives. to assist the starving were collected at Christ the Savior Cathedral. At the same time, measures were undertaken to protect the sacred objects of this church. of the clergy and parishioners of Christ the Savior Cathedral were held at Father Alexander’s apartment in order to draft a resolution of the general parish meeting concerning the state decree. draft of the resolution, prepared by Father Alexander, protested against the violent confiscation of church valuables. general meeting of parishioners was convened on March 23, 1922 at Christ the Savior Cathedral, presided by Archpriest Nicholas Arseniev. Alexander had already been arrested. meeting adopted the final text of the resolution, which demanded guarantees from the state that all donations be used to save the lives of the starving. The participants in the meeting protest the poisonous publications against the Church as well as insults against the hierarchy. The drafting of this document was deemed by the authorities to be criminal counter-revolutionary activity. two court cases against the Church, in Petrograd and Moscow, which resulted in the executions of hieromartyrs and martyrs, a new highly visible trial of clergy and laity began in Moscow on November 27, 1922, during which they were accused of supposedly “attempting to retain in their hands possession of church valuables and, through the resulting starvation, to topple the Soviet regime.” trial in this case were 105 clergy and laity. the main defendants were Archpriest Sergius Uspensky, dean of the second district of forty churches in Prechistenka, Archpriest Nicholas Arseniev, dean of Christ the Savior Cathedral, Archpriest Alexander Hotovitzky, assistant pastor of this Cathedral, Ilya Gromoglasov, priest of Christ the Savior Cathedral, Lev Evgenievich Anohin, warden of this Cathedral, and Archpriest Simeon Golubev, rector of Saint John the Warrior Church. most significant part of the indictment submitted to the Court concerned the activity of the clergy and laity of Christ the Savior Cathedral. indictment stated, “The main organizers and leaders of this criminal activity were Priest Hotovitzky, chairman of the council of parishes in this area, Priest Arseniev, rector of the Cathedral, Priest Zotikov, Priest Gromoglasov, former lawyer Kayutov, former deputy minister Shchepkin, the merchant Golovkin, and engineer Anohin. the decree of the Supreme Central Executive Committee concerning the confiscation of church valuables was issued, they began their preliminary activities under the leadership of the priest Hotovitzky, who repeated to secretly gather the above named people at his apartment in order to plan with them the measures which they proposed to enact to achieve their criminal intentions.” case was in court for two weeks. After the detailed indictment was read, questioning of the defendants began. Father Alexander remained cool and calm during the questioning as he tried to protect the other defendants. did not admit any guilt, stating, “I consider that it is not counter-revolutionary to ask for a corresponding amount of metal in return for church valuables.” the interrogation of all the defendants and witnesses, at the Court session on December 6, the later infamous, sinister prosecutor Vishinsky delivered the concluding statement for the prosecution. He asked the court for a sentence of capital punishment for thirteen defendants including Archpriests Alexander Hotovitzky, Nicholas Arseniev, Sergius Uspensky, Priest Ilya Gromoglasov, Abbess Vera (Pobedinskaya) of the Novodevichii Women’s Monastery and L.E. Anohin. Vishinsky requested that the other defendants be sentenced to prison terms of varying length. December 11, defendants were given an opportunity to say a final word to the court. his comments, Father Alexander attempted, first of all, to obtain the court’s leniency and mercy for his brother clergy, “I direct your attention to those who were at the meeting in my apartment: some of them are old and the others are very young and guilty of nothing. This was a completely ordinary meeting, it was not counter-revolutionary and it cannot by any means be characterized as a shady plot.” lengthiest final comments were delivered by the professor and priest Ilya Gromoglasov. This defendant attempted to gain the favor of the court by expounding on his former opposition to the Holy Synod. Concerning the conclusions of the prosecution, he said that he “knew nothing of the criminal organization headed by Hotovitzky.” December 13, the verdict of the revolutionary tribunal was announced. was milder than the bloodthirsty verdicts delivered at previous trials held in Petrograd and Moscow in conjunction with the confiscation of church valuables. of the main defendants—Abbess Vera (Pobedinskaya), Archpriest Sergius Uspensky, and Archpriest Alexander Hotovitzky were sentenced to ten years in prison, the confiscation of their personal property and the deprivation of their civil rights for five years. others were sentenced to lesser terms of imprisonment. Appeals for pardon, made by those who were sentenced to the longest terms of imprisonment, including that of Archpriest Alexander, were rejected by the presidium of the Supreme Central Executive Committee on February 16, 1923. the holy Patriarch Tikhon resumed his administration of the Church and made several statements regarding loyalty to the governmental authorities, many hierarchs, clergy, church leaders and laity, who had previously received sentences from the judiciary in conjunction with the confiscation of church valuables, were granted amnesty. Alexander was among those freed in October 1923. Following his liberation, he was not assigned to a parish but served by invitation at various churches in Moscow. remained free for only a short time. Already on September 4, 1924, E. Tuchkov, head of the 6th section of the Department of State Political Management, compiled a list of thirteen clergy and church leaders of Moscow and recommended that they be subjected to administrative exile. New Martyr Alexander, who was included in the list, was characterized as follows in this document, “A priest and preacher with a post-graduate education, very active, zealous and influential among the Tikhonites. His outlook is anti-Soviet.” September 9, 1924, the New Martyr Alexander was subjected to an interrogation. “In my religious convictions,” he said at that time, “I consider myself to be a Tikhonite. My relations with the Patriarch are intimate rather than just strictly administrative, but lately, I have avoided meeting with Patriarch Tikhon, as I felt that this might inconvenience him due to my conviction in conjunction with the confiscation of church valuables. I have never expressed an opinion concerning the restoration of the former government and such a thought has not even crossed my mind.” a decision of a special meeting of the administration of the Department of State Political Management, the New Martyr Alexander was exiled to the Turuhan region for a period of three years. His already failing health was further weakened by his sojourn in the far north. his return from exile, Father Alexander was raised to the rank of protopresbyter and became one of the closest assistants of the Deputy Locum Tenens of the Patriarchal Throne, Metropolitan (later Patriarch) Sergius, who knew him well since the time of his service in Finland. the 1930s, Protopresbyter Alexander served as rector of the Church of the Deposition of the Robe on Donskoy Street. One of the parishioners of this church recalls, “In 1936, Father Alexander did not preach, as he was apparently forbidden to do so. In 1936-7, I was present many times when Father Alexander served. He was a tall, gray-haired priest with gentle facial features, who looked extremely intelligent. Gray, trimmed hair, a small beard, very kind gray eyes, a high-pitched, loud tenor...pronounced exclamations distinctly and with inspiration...His appearance reminded me of many priests who were exiles from the western regions...Father Alexander had many parishioners who greatly revered him...Even today, I remember Father Alexander’s eyes. It seemed as if his glance penetrated your heart and embraced it with affection. I had the same feeling when I saw the holy Patriarch Tikhon...The same light also shining in Father Alexander’s eyes was testimony of his sanctity.” the fall of 1937, the New Martyr Alexander was arrested again. The documentary evidence about him at our disposal ends with this; however, a majority of oral reports testify to his death as a martyr. The Orthodox Church in America, on whose territory Protopresbyter Alexander served as a priest until 1914, venerates him as a passion-bearer, whose life as a confessor ended with sufferings for Christ. The place of his burial is unknown. Church of Russia also commemorates Saint Alexander on August 7, along with the Archpriests Alexei Vorobiev, Michael Plishevsky, John Voronets, the priests Demetrius Milovidov, and Peter Tokarev, the deacon Elisha Sholder, and Igumen Athanasius Egorov. photo gallery of the 1994 Glorification of Saint Alexander may be viewed here.

Russia, Volhynia, Horyn River Folder

Horyn River

Horyn River Source (Ternopil)

Horyn River 1 (Izyaslav)

Izyaslav (Horyn River 1)
Izyaslav (Horyn River 1);

Zaslavsk (Horyn River 1)
Zaslavsk (Horyn River 1); Saint Theodosius (Prince Theodore of Ostrog) of the Kiev Caves, Commemorated on August 11;

Starokostiantyniv Castle, Principality of Turov and Pinsk, (Horyn River 1)
Starokostiantyniv Castle, Principality of Turov and Pinsk; Repose of Venerable Job the Wonderworker, Abbot of Pochaev, Commemorated on October 28;

Ozerianka, Volhynia, Ukraine, Drevlyany Lands, Turnopol Oblast
Ozerianka, Volhynia, Ukraine; Ozerianka Icon of the Mother of God of Shuiu-Smolensk, Commemorated on November 2 ; Shuiu-Smolensk Wonderworking Icon of the Mother of God was painted in the years 1654-1655 in the Resurrection parish of the city of Shuiu, where an unrelenting pestilence raged. Trusting in the mercy of God and the intercession of the Mother of God, the parishioners of the Resurrection church commissioned a certain pious monk to paint the icon of the Smolensk Mother of God, an icon long attributed with being a rescuer of the Russian people from enemies and misfortune. parishioners spent the whole week in prayer and fasting while the image was being painted. When the icon was finished, the priest and the people took it to the church and set it in a specially built place. From that time the pestilence began to ease, at first in the area of the Resurrection parish, and then also in all the city. the Icon of the Mother of God many miracles of healing took place, especially of eye diseases. The icon is also celebrated on July 11, July 28, and Bright Tuesday.

Horyn River 2 (Slavuta)

Horyn River 3 (Netishyn)

Horyn River 4 (Ostrog)

Ostrog, Volynia, Ukraine (Horyn River 4)
Ostrog, Ukraine St Theodosius (Prince Theodore of Ostrog) of the Kiev Caves, Commemorated on August 11 ; Theodore, Prince of Ostrog, gained fame with the construction of churches and by his defense of Orthodoxy in Volhynia against the enroachment of Papism. He was descended from Saint Vladimir (July 15), through a great-grandson Svyatopolk-Michael, prince of Turov (1080-1093) and later Great Prince of Kiev (+1113). first time the name of the holy Prince Theodore is mentioned is in the year 1386, when the Polish king Jagiello and the Lithuanian prince Vitovt affirmed his hereditary possession of the Ostrog district, and they augmented the Zaslavsk and Koretsk surroundings. 1410 Saint Theodore participated in the defeat of the Teutonic Knights of the Catholic Order at the Battle of Gruenwald. In 1422 the holy prince, because of sympathy for the Orthodox in Bohemia, supported the Hussites in their struggle with the German emperor Sigismund. Theodore introduced the Hussite formation (i.e., the Taborite, adopted by the Ukrainian Cossacks) into Russian military strategy. 1432, after winning a series of victories over the Polish forces, Saint Theodore compelled Prince Jagiello to guarantee the freedom of Orthodoxy in Volhynia under the law. Prince Svidrigailo, apprehensive of the strengthening of his ally, locked Saint Theodore into prison, but the people who loved the saint rose up in rebellion, and he was freed. Theodore was reconciled with the offender and went to him for help in the struggle against the Lithuanians and the Poles. In 1438, the holy prince took part in a battle with the Tatars. In 1440, with the accession to the Polish throne of Cazimir, youngest son of Prince Jagiello, Saint Theodore received the rights of administration of the city of Vladimir, Dubno, Ostrog, and he was granted extensive holdings in the best regions of Podolia and Volhynia. Theodore left all this behind, together with princely power and fame. After 1441 he entered the Kiev Caves monastery, where he received the monastic tonsure with the name Theodosius, he struggled there for the salvation of his soul until the time of his blessed repose. year of Saint Theodore’s death is unknown, but it is probable that he died in the second half of the fifteenth century at a great old age (S. M. Soloviev in his History of Russia gives the year of his death as 1483). The saint was buried in the Far Caves of Saint Theodosius. His glorification apparently took place at the end of the sixteenth century, since in the year 1638 the hieromonk Athanasius Kal’nophysky testified that “Saint Theodore rests in the Theodosiev Cave, where his body was discovered incorrupt.” Theodore is also commemorated on the Synaxis of the Monastic Fathers of the Far Caves on August 28.

Horyn River 5 (Rivne)

Koretsk Region, Korets and Korets Castle
Koretsk Region and Korets; St Theodosius (Prince Theodore of Ostrog) of the Kiev Caves, Commemorated on August 11;

Horyn River 6 (Sarne)

Horyn River 7

Horyn River 8 (Stolin)

Horyn River Mouth (Turov, Pripyat River 3)

Turov, Volhynia (Horyn River Mouth, Pripyat River 2)
Turov; St Laurence the Recluse of the Kiev Caves, Far Caves, and Bishop of Turov, Near Caves, Commemorated January 29 ; St Cyril the Bishop of Turov, Commemorated on April 28; Hieromartyr Macarius the Metropolitan of Kiev, Commemorated on May 1; Venerable Martin of Turov, Commemorated on June 27;

Russia, Volhynia, Stry River Folder

Styr River

Styr River Source (near Brody)

Pochaev, Volynia (Styr, Seret, Western Bug, Horyn, and Ikva Rivers Sources)
Pochaev; Pochayiv Lavra; Uniates; Icon of the Mother of God of Pochaev, Commemorated on July 23; Commemoration of the Miraculous Appearance of the Mother of God at Pochaev, which saved the Monastery from the assault of the Tatars and Turks, Commemorated on July 23; of the Miraculous Appearance of the Mother of God at Pochaev, which saved the Monastery from the assault of the Tatars and Turks Pochaev Icon of the Mother of God is among the most revered sacred objects of the Orthodox Church. Located in the Dormition Cathedral at Pochaev, Ukraine, the Icon is reknowned throughout the entire Slavic world, and is venerated in Russia, Bosnia, Serbia, Bulgaria, and in other places. Christians of other confessions also venerate the Pochaev Icon of the Most Holy Theotokos. The wonderworking Icon has been treasured at the Pochaev Lavra for over 400 years. miracles have taken place before the holy Icon, and these are recorded in special books at the monastery. The books contain the personal testimonies of people who prayed before the Pochaev Icon and were healed of their illnesses, delivered from unclean spirits, or freed from captivity. Many sinners were also brought to repentance. Feast Day in honor of the Pochaev Icon of the Mother of God was appointed to commemorate the deliverance of the Dormition Lavra from a siege by the Turks on July 20-23, 1675. the summer of 1675 during the Zbarazhsk War with the Turks, in the reign of the Polish King Jan Sobesski (1674-1696), regiments composed of Tatars under the command of Khan Nurredin via Vishnevets fell upon the Pochaev monastery, surrounding it on three sides. The weak monastery walls and its stone buildings did not offer much protection against a siege. Igoumen Joseph Dobromirsky urged the brethren and laypeople to pray to their heavenly intercessors, the Most Holy Theotokos and Saint Job of Pochaev (October 28). monks and the people prayed fervently, prostrating themselves before the wonderworking Icon of the Mother of God, and the reliquary containing the relics of Saint Job. At sunrise on the morning of July 23, as the Tatars prepared to attack the monastery, the Igoumen ordered an Akathist to the Theotokos to be sung. At the opening words, “O Queen of the Heavenly Hosts,” the Mother of God suddenly appeared over the church, in “an unfurled radiant white omaphorion,” with angels holding unsheathed swords. Saint Job stood beside the Mother of God, bowing to her and beseeching her to defend the monastery. Tatars believed that the heavenly army was a vision, and in their confusion they started shooting arrows at the Most Holy Theotokos and Saint Job, but the arrows turned backwards and wounded those who shot them. The enemy, gripped by terror, fled in panic, trampling upon and killing each other. The defenders of the monastery pursued them and took many prisoners. Later, some of the prisoners converted to the Orthodox Faith and remained at the monastery thereafter. the year 1721, Pochaev was occupied by the Uniates. Even during this difficult time for the Lavra, the monastery Chronicle lists 539 miracles of the Pochaev Icon. In the second half of the eighteenth century, a Uniate nobleman, Count Nicholas Pototski, became a benefactor of the Pochaev Lavra through the following miraculous circumstance. After accusing his coachman of overturning the carriage with runaway horses, the Count took out a pistol to shoot him. The coachman, turning towards the mountain of Pochaev, stretched out his hands and cried: "Mother of God, depicted in the Pochaev Icon, save me!” times Pototski tried to shoot the pistol, which had never failed him, but the weapon misfired and the coachman remained alive. Pototski went at once to the wonderworking Icon and resolved to devote himself and all his property to building up the monastery. With the money he contributed, the Dormition cathedral was built, as well as other buildings for the brethren. return of the Pochaev Monastery to the Orthodox Church in 1832 was marked by the miraculous healing of the blind maiden Anna Akimchukova, who had come on pilgrimage to the holy shrine along with her seventy-year-old grandmother from Kremenets-Podolsk, 200 versts away. In memory of this event, the Archbishop of Volhynia and Archimandrite Innocent of the Lavra (1832-1840) appointed that an Akathist be read on Saturdays before the wonderworking Icon. During the time of Archimandrite Agathangelus, Archbishop of Volhynia (1866-1876), a separate chapel was built in the galleries of the Holy Trinity church, which was dedicated on July 23, 1875 in memory of the victory over the Tatars. wonderworking Pochaev Icon is also commemorated on Friday of Bright Week, and on September 8. Uncovering of the relics of the Venerable Job, Abbot and Wonderworker of Pochaev, Commemorated August 28 ; Icon of the Mother of God of Pochaev, Commemorated September 8 ; Venerable Job the Abbot of Pochaev, Commemorated October 10 ; Repose of the Venerable Job, Abbot and Wonderworker of Pochaev, Commemorated on October 28;

Pochaev Lavra Dormition Cathedral, Volhynia, 1527
Pochaev Lavra in Volhynia; Commemoration of the Miraculous Appearance of the Mother of God at Pochaev, which saved the Monastery from the assault of the Tatars and Turks,1675 Commemorated on July 23; Icon of the Mother of God of Pochaev, Commemorated on July 23; Icon of the Mother of God of Pochaev, Commemorated September 8 ; St Amphilochius the Bishop of Vladimir, in Volhynia, Commemorated October 10 ; Repose of the Venerable Job, Abbot and Wonderworker of Pochaev, Commemorated on October 28; Uncovering of the relics of the Venerable Job, Abbot and Wonderworker of Pochaev, Commemorated August 28 ; Icon of the Mother of God of Pochaev,Commemorated September 8 ; Glorification of the Priestmartyr Alexander Hotovitzky, Commemorated December 4 ; Commemoration of the Miraculous Appearance of the Mother of God at Pochaev, which saved the Monastery from the assault of the Tatars and Turks, Commemorated on July 23;

Volynia Sprirtual Academy, Lavra Dormition Cathedral, Volhynia, 1527
Pochaev Lavra in Volhynia; Commemoration of the Miraculous Appearance of the Mother of God at Pochaev, which saved the Monastery from the assault of the Tatars and Turks,1675 Commemorated on July 23; Icon of the Mother of God of Pochaev, Commemorated on July 23; Icon of the Mother of God of Pochaev, Commemorated September 8 ; St Amphilochius the Bishop of Vladimir, in Volhynia, Commemorated October 10 ; Repose of the Venerable Job, Abbot and Wonderworker of Pochaev, Commemorated on October 28; Uncovering of the relics of the Venerable Job, Abbot and Wonderworker of Pochaev, Commemorated August 28 ; Icon of the Mother of God of Pochaev,Commemorated September 8 ; Glorification of the Priestmartyr Alexander Hotovitzky, Commemorated December 4 ; Commemoration of the Miraculous Appearance of the Mother of God at Pochaev, which saved the Monastery from the assault of the Tatars and Turks, Commemorated on July 23;

Volynia Seminary, Lavra Dormition Cathedral, Volhynia, 1527
Pochaev Lavra in Volhynia; Commemoration of the Miraculous Appearance of the Mother of God at Pochaev, which saved the Monastery from the assault of the Tatars and Turks,1675 Commemorated on July 23; Icon of the Mother of God of Pochaev, Commemorated on July 23; Icon of the Mother of God of Pochaev, Commemorated September 8 ; St Amphilochius the Bishop of Vladimir, in Volhynia, Commemorated October 10 ; Repose of the Venerable Job, Abbot and Wonderworker of Pochaev, Commemorated on October 28; Uncovering of the relics of the Venerable Job, Abbot and Wonderworker of Pochaev, Commemorated August 28 ; Icon of the Mother of God of Pochaev,Commemorated September 8 ; Glorification of the Priestmartyr Alexander Hotovitzky, Commemorated December 4 ; Commemoration of the Miraculous Appearance of the Mother of God at Pochaev, which saved the Monastery from the assault of the Tatars and Turks, Commemorated on July 23;

Volyn Region (Volynia, Styr, Bug, Horyn River Source)
Volyn Region; Location: West Ukraine, East Poland, Southwest Belarus; it is located between the rivers Prypiat and Southern Bug, to the north of Galicia and Podolia. The region is named for the former city of Volyn or Velyn, said to have been located on the Southern Bug River, whose name may come from the Proto-Slavic root *vol/vel- 'wet.'; Commemoration of the Miraculous Appearance of the Mother of God at Pochaev, which saved the Monastery from the assault of the Tatars and Turks, Commemorated on July 23; Icon of the Mother of God of Pochaev, Commemorated on July 23; Synaxis of the Saints of Volhynia; Uncovering of the relics of Holy Princess Juliana Olshanskaya, Commemorated on July 6;

Styr River 1 (Berestechko)

Styr River 2 (Lutsk, Ikva River Mouth)

Lutsk, Volhynia (Styr River 2)
Lutsk; Venerable Nicholas Sviatosha Prince of Chernigov, and Wonderworker of the Kiev Near Caves, Commemorated on October 14 ; Burial of St Andrew the Prince; Venerable Amphilochius the Abbot of Glushetsa, Commemorated on October 12 ; St Macarius, Abbot of Glushetsa, Commemorated on October 12 ; St Tarasius of Glushetsa of Glushetsa, October 12 ; Burial of St Andrew the Prince, Commemorated on July 4;

Glushetsa suburb of Lutsk, Volynia
Glushetsa suburb of Lutsk; Venerable Amphilochius the Abbot of Glushetsa, Commemorated on October 12; St Tarasius of Glushetsa of Glushetsa, October 12 ; St Macarius, Abbot of Glushetsa, Commemorated on October 12 ;

Vladimir-Volhynia Diocese, 988
Volhynia; Icon of the Mother of God of St Peter of Moscow, Commemorated August 24 ; St Amphilochius the Bishop of Vladimir, in Volhynia, Commemorated October 10 ; St Stephen, Commemorated October 10 ; St Yaropolk the Prince of Vladimir-Volhynia, Commemorated October 10 ;

Russia, Volhynia, Styr River 2, Ikva River Folder

Ikva River

Ikva River Source (On the Border)

Ikva River 1 (Kremenetz, Volhynia)

Kremenetz, Volhynia (Ikva River 1)
Kremenetz - Kremenetz city of Kremenetz district and rests 18 km north-east of the great Pochayiv Lavra ; Glorification of the Priestmartyr Alexander Hotovitzky, Commemorated December 4 ;

Ikva River 2 (Dubno, Volhynia)

Dubno, Volynia (Ikva River 2)
Dubno; Rivne Oblast St Theodosius (Prince Theodore of Ostrog) of the Kiev Caves, Commemorated on August 11; Repose of the Venerable Job, Abbot and Wonderworker of Pochaev;

Dubensk district of Volhynia, Dubno, Eastern Front WWI, Trade Rte with Poland (Ikva River 2)
Dubno; Rivne Oblast St Theodosius (Prince Theodore of Ostrog) of the Kiev Caves, Commemorated on August 11; Repose of the Venerable Job, Abbot and Wonderworker of Pochaev;

Ikva River Mouth (Styr River 2, Lutsk)

Styr River 3 (Kolky)

Styr River 4 (Staryi Chortoryisk)

Styr River 5 (Kuznetsovsk)

Styr River 6 (Zarichne)

Styr River Mouth (Pinsk, Pripyat River 3)

Russia, Volhynia, Pripyat River Folder, Wormwood, Chenoble

Pripyat River

Pripyat River Source (Dnieper Bug Canal)

Russia, Volhynia, Pripyat River Source, Dnieper Bug Canal Folder (Portages and Canals; Russia, Poland and Lithuania)

Dnieper Bug Canal Start Point (Brest)
Dnieper Bug Canal (Portages and Canals; Russia, Poland and Lithuania;

Dnieper Bug Canal End Point - Pinsk, Russia (Pripyat River to Dnieper River)

Dnieper Bug Canal - Brest to Pinsk

Dnieper Bug Canal - Lesna, Poland (Narew River)

Dnieper Bug Canal End Point - Sapotskin, Lithuania (Neman River)

Dnieper Bug Canal - Brest to Sapotskin

Pripyat River 1 (Pinsk, Styr River)

Pinsk, Volhynia (Pripyat River 1)
Pinsk; Martyr Athanasius the Abbot of Brest, Commemorated September 5 ; Martyr Macarius the Archimandrite of Kanev and Pereyaslavl, Commemorated on September 7 ; Icon of the Mother of God of Kupyatitich, Commemorated on November 15; St Cyril the Bishop of Turov, Commemorated on April 28 ;

Duboisk [Dubovsk] monastery near Pinsk, Ukraine
Duboisk [Dubovsk] monastery near Pinsk ; Martyr Athanasius the Abbot of Brest, Commemorated September 5 ;

Pripyat River 2 (Turov and Mazyr, Horn River)

Turov and Pinsk Principality, Volhynia
Principality of Turov and Pinsk; St Laurence the Recluse of the Kiev Caves, Far Caves, and Bishop of Turov, Near Caves, Commemorated January 29 ; St Cyril the Bishop of Turov, Commemorated on April 28;

Turov, Volhynia, Ukraine (Horyn River Mouth, Pripyat River 2)
Turov; St Laurence the Recluse of the Kiev Caves, Far Caves, and Bishop of Turov, Near Caves, Commemorated January 29 ; St Cyril the Bishop of Turov, Commemorated on April 28; Hieromartyr Macarius the Metropolitan of Kiev, Commemorated on May 1; Venerable Martin of Turov, Commemorated on June 27;

Chernobyl (Wormwood) Disaster (Kiev, Pirypat River Mouth)
Chernobyl (Wormwood) Disaster;

Pripyat River Mouth (Kiev, Dneiper River 4)

Russia, Volhynia, Western Bug River Folder (West to Warsaw Poland)

Western Bug River (to Warsaw in Poland)

Russia, Volhynia, Western Bug River 1, Poltva River Folder, Volhynia

Poltva River

Poltva River Source (Lvov, Western Ukraine or Poland, Bug River 1)

Galicia, Principality of Galicia-Volynia, Kingdom of Rus, High up the Rivers, Ukraine
Principality of Galicia-Volynia, Kingdom of Rus, Ukraine; Repose of Saint Peter, Metropolitan of Moscow, Wonderworker of All Russia, Commemorated on December 21;

Galicia, Volhynia, Western Ukraine (Russian Carpathians) Poland to Chernigov trade route
Galicia (Eastern Europe), Ukraine; Repose of Saint Peter, Metropolitan of Moscow, Wonderworker of All Russia, Commemorated on December 21;

Galich Kingdom, Volhynia (Western Bug River 1 , 2 and 3)
Galich or Kingdom of Galicia, Volhynia; Repose of St Alexander Nevsky, Commemorated November 23; St Alexis the Metropolitan of Moscow and Wonderworker of All Russia, Commemorated February 12;

Halych Principality, Volhynia (Galich) Ukraine (Dniester River 2) Vladimir the Great, 900's
Halych Principality, Volhynia (Galich) Ukraine of Halych or Kalieshi/Kialioshi (meaning The Key of Heavens[citation needed]), or Principality of Halychian Rus',[1] a medieval East Slavic principality, and one of main regional states within the political scope of Kievan Rus', established by members of the oldest line of Yaroslav the Wise descendants. characteristic feature of Halych principality was an important role of the nobility and citizens in political life, consideration a will of which was the main condition for the princely rule.[2] as the capital mentioned in around 1124 as a seat of Ivan Vasylkovych the grandson of Rostislav of Tmutarakan. to Mykhailo Hrushevsky the realm of Halych was passed to Rostyslav upon the death of his father Vladimir Yaroslavich, but he was banished out of it later by his uncle to Tmutarakan.[3] realm was then passed to Yaropolk Izyaslavich who was a son of the ruling Grand Prince of Kiev Izyaslav I of Kiev. Galich, (Halych) Ukraine (Dniester River 2); Hungary, 1226-1231, Princess, Elizabeth of Hungary; Icon of the Mother of God of Macariev, Commemorated on September 17 ; Terebovlya Icon of the Most Holy Mother of God, Commemorated October 1 ; ELIZABETH OF HUNGARY, PRINCESS AND PHILANTHROPIST (19 NOV 1231); Repose of St Alexis Toth the confessor and defender of Orthodoxy in America, Commemorated on May 7 ;

Galicia Volhynia, Kingdom of (Western Bug River 1 , 2 and 3)
Galich or Kingdom of Galicia,“Volhynia; Repose of St Alexander Nevsky, Commemorated November 23; St Alexis the Metropolitan of Moscow and Wonderworker of All Russia, Commemorated February 12;

Pokutia (around the corner, from Galicia in Volhynia, Cheremosh R. in Moldovia)
Pokutia (around the corner, from Galicia in Volhynia, Cheremosh R. in Moldovia, but still up the rivers); Repose of Venerable Job the Wonderworker, Abbot of Pochaev, Commemorated on October 28;

Western Bug River Source (Central Ukraine)

Western Bug River 1 (Poltva River)

Western Bug River 2 (Sokal, Volhynia)

Sokal, Volhynia, Ukraine (Western Bug River 2)
Sokal, Volhynia, Ukraine (Western Bug River 1); Venerable Alphan with his brother of Novgorod, founder of the Sokolnitzky Monastery, Commemorated on May 4;

Berezovsk, Belsk district, Smolensk, Western Ukraine, Eastern Poland
Berezovsk, Belsk district, Smolensk; St Nicholas, Equal of the Apostles and Archbishop of Japan, Commemorated on February 16;

Belz, Fortress of Belz (Bug River 2), Eastern Poland, Western Ukraine
Belz, Fortress of Belz; St Nicholas, Equal of the Apostles and Archbishop of Japan, Commemorated on February 16; Icon of the Mother of God œCzestochowaÂ, Commemorated on March 6;

Western Bug River 3 (Vladimir-Volynsk)

Vladimir, Volhynia (Vladimir-Volynsk, Western Bug River 3)
Vladimir in Volhynia, Vladimir-Volynsk; Commemoration of the Miraculous Appearance of the Mother of God at Pochaev, which saved the Monastery from the assault of the Tatars and Turks, Commemorated on July 23; Icon of the Mother of God of St Peter of Moscow, Commemorated August 24 ; St Yaropolk the Prince of Vladimir-Volhynia, Commemorated October 10 ; Blessed Yaropolk the Prince of Vladimir-Volhynia, in Holy Baptism Peter, Commemorated on November 22 ; Repose of St Peter the Metropolitan of Moscow and Wonderworker of All Russia, Commemorated on December 21 ; Venerable Stephen the Abbot of the Kiev Far Caves, and Bishop of Vladimir, in Volhynia, Commemorated on April 27 ;

Vladimir Holy Mountain monastery at Vladimir, Volhynia, Zymne M, 1091
Vladimir Holy Mountain monastery at Volhynia, Zymne Monastery, 1000; Venerable Barlaam, Abbot of the Kiev Near Caves, Commemorated on November 19; Venerable Stephen, Abbot of the Kiev Far Caves, and Bishop of Vladimir, in Volhynia, Commemorated on April 27; 1078 Saint Stephen was removed from office and driven from the monastery through the malice of an evil monk. He endured this meekly and without bitterness, and continued to pray for those who had turned against him. Stephen learned that master builders had come from Greece with an icon of the Theotokos, and they told him of the appearance of the Heavenly Queen at Blachernae. Because of this, Saint Stephen also built a church at Klovo in honor of the Theotokos (in memory of the Placing of Her Robe at Blachernae). The monastery was founded in thanksgiving for solicitude of the Most Holy Theotokos for the Caves monastery. 1091 Saint Stephen was made Bishop of Vladimir in Volhynia, and he participated in the transfer of the relics of Saint Theodosius from the cave to the monastery (August 14). He also labored to convert the inhabitants of Volhynia to Christianity.

Hrubieszow, Volynia or Poland (Western Bug River 3, Vladimir-Volynsk)
Hrubieszow; New Martyr Archpriest Vasily Martysz, Commemorated on May 4;

Teratyn, Volynia or Poland (Western Bug River 3, Vladimir-Volynsk)
Teratyn, Poland; New Martyr Archpriest Vasily Martysz, Commemorated on May 4;

Western Bug River 4 (near Kholm Theological Seminary)

Russia, Volhynia, Western Bug River 4.5, Rata River Folder, Rata Monastery

Rata River

Rata River Source (along the border)

Rata River 1 (Ratne, Novodvorsk Monastery)

Ratne, Volhynia (Rata River 1)
Ratne, Volhynia; Repose of St Peter the Metropolitan of Moscow and Wonderworker of All Russia, Commemorated on December 21;

Rata Monastery, Ratne, Volhynia, whose hegumen was Peter of Moscow, 1299 approx.
+Ratne, Volhynia; Icon of the Mother of God of St Peter of Moscow, Commemorated on August 24; Icon of the Most Holy Theotokos “Of Saint Peter” was so called because it was painted by Saint Peter, Metropolitan of Moscow (+ December 21, 1326) while he was igumen of the Ratsk monastery near Volhynia. During a visit to the Ratsk monastery by Saint Maximus, Metropolitan of Kiev and All Russia (+ December 6, 1306), Saint Peter gave him this icon as a gift. The Metropolitan took it to Vladimir at Klyazma, where his cathedral was then located. the death of Saint Maximus, the igumen Gerontius, who wished to become the new metropolitan, intended to take this icon to Patriarch Athanasius of Constantinople (October 24). The journey of Igumen Gerontius was delayed, however, by a terrible storm at sea. During this storm, the Most Holy Theotokos appeared to him and said: “The office of bishop will not be conferred upon you, but rather on the one who painted My Icon.” he came before Patriarch Athanasius, Saint Peter was already in Constantinople and had been consecrated as Metropolitan. The Patriarch gave the icon to Saint Peter with the words: “Take the holy icon of the Mother of God, which you painted with your own hands, for this reason the Ever-Virgin Herself has granted you this gift, and She foretold your path.” Peter took the icon to Vladimir, and when the metropolitan cathedral was transfered to Moscow in the year 1325, the icon was placed in the Dormition Cathedral above the table of oblation. Repose of St Peter the Metropolitan of Moscow and Wonderworker of All Russia, Commemorated on December 21;

Novodvorsk Monastery, Ratne, Volhynia, whose hegumen was Peter of Moscow, 1299 approx.
Ratne, Volhynia; Icon of the Mother of God of St Peter of Moscow, Commemorated on August 24; Repose of St Peter the Metropolitan of Moscow and Wonderworker of All Russia, Commemorated on December 21;

Rata River Mouth (Bug River 4.5)

Western Bug River 5

Western Bug River 6 (Brest)

Russia, Volhynia, Western Bug 6.5, Mukhavets River Folder, part of Dneiper Bug Canal)

Mukhavets River

Mukhavets River Source

Mukhavets River 1 (Kupyatich, Kobrin)

Kupyatich monastery, Kobrin, Volhynia, 1180, Mukhavets River 1, near Brest
Kupyatich monastery, Kobrin, Belarus, Leposovsky monastery today; Icon of the Mother of God of Kupyatich, Commemorated on November 15;

Mukhavets River Mouth (Brest, Western Bug River 6.5)

Brest-Litovsk (Vohlynia, Western Bug 6.5, Mukhavets River Mouth)
Brest, Belarus (Bug and Mukhavets Rivers) ; Uniates; Uncovering of the relics of the Venerable Athanasius the Abbot of Brest-Litovsk; Martyr Athanasius the Abbot of Brest, Commemorated September 5 ;

Western Bug River 7

Western Bug River 8

Western Bug River Mouth (Warsaw, Narew River 13)

Russia, Volhynia, Southern Bug River Ukraine Folder, Volhynia is the Source

Southern Bug River

Podolia, Volhynia, area between Southern Bug and Dniester Rivers, North and West of Moldova
Podolia, Southwest Ukraine; Saint Theodosius (Prince Theodore of Ostrog) of the Kiev Caves, Commemorated on August 11;

Southern Bug 1 (Khmelnytskyi, Ukraine)

Southern Bug 2 (Vinnytsia, Ukraine)

Southern Bug 3 (Olviopolis and Pervomaisk, Ukraine)

Olviopolis, Ukraine (Southern Bug River 3)
Olviopolis; Translation of the Icon of the Mother of God in Triumph to Russia, Commemorated on September 18 ; Icon of the Mother of God œStaro RusÂ Old Russian, Commemorated on May 4;

Southern Bug River Mouth (Mykolaiv, Bug Estuary, Black Sea)

Russia, Volhynia, Drevlyany Lands Ukraine Folder

Ovruch, Volhynia, Ukraine (the center of Drevlyany Lands)
Ovrucha; Martyr Macarius the Archimandrite of Kanev and Pereyaslavl, Commemorated on September 7 ; Equal of the Apostles Great Prince Vladimir, in Holy Baptism Basil, the Enlightener of the Russian Land, Commemorated on July 15;